PROMOTING LOW-CARBON TRANSPORT IN AFRICAN CITIES A Discussion Paper on the State of Urban Transport and Potential for Cycling in Cities SOUTHERN AFRICA TRANSPORT CONFERENCE Towards a Desired Transport Future: Safe, Sufficient and Affordable An essay prepared for the Southern Africa Transport Conference 9- 12 July 2018 CSIR International Convention Centre, Pretoria, South Africa Priscilla Muchibwa University of Nairobi Final Year Master of Arts Student in Transport Geography 1

Outline The Urban Transport Situation Environmental Dimension- carbon emissions, pollution and clean energy alternatives Opportunities for cycling, a low carbon transport option Conclusion and future research recommendations

Urban Transport Situation Unprecedented motorisation coupled with inadequate infrastructure Crippling traffic congestion e.g Nairobi more than USD 50 million per year is lost due to traffic congestion (World Bank 2016) The African region has the highest road traffic fatality rate of about 24.1 per 100 000 population (WHO 2013) with pedestrians and cyclist most affected The transport sector consumes about 22 percent of global energy and accounts for about 24 percent of energy related Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (International Energy Agency, 2017) Transport contaminants such as sulphur, ozone and benzene linked to chronic illnesses such as bronchitis, asthma, heart attacks and stroke

Mode Share in African Cities Example of Nairobi City Adapted from Draft Nairobi NMT Policy 2015

Ways to make change Source: Institute for Transportation and Development Policy (ITDP) https://3gozaa3xxbpb499ejp30lxc8-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/HSC-Infographic-The-Benefits-of-Shifting-to-Cycling-ITDP.jpg/

Towards a Desired Transport Future Source: Institute for Transportation and Development Policy https://www.itdp.in/transport-investments-for-better-cities/

Conclusion and Future Research If properly conceptualised there is huge potential to change the fortunes of African cities through cycling Future Research Policy direction for adoption of cycling in African cities Financing of sustainable transport infrastructure in African cities

THANK YOU!!! Priscilla Muchibwa priscmuchibwa@gmail.com