Daily Warm-Up Exercises Day 5 How do igneous rocks form? Igneous rocks form when molten rock (magma or lava) cools and hardens. How do metamorphic rocks form? Metamorphic rocks form when an existing rock changes due to heat and/or pressure. What is molten rock? melted rock What is pressure? when something is squeezing or pushing on something else What causes the pressure on a rock beneath Earth's surface? the weight of all the rock above it Daily Warm-Up Exercises Daily Warm-Up Exercises 1

Igneous and Metamorphic Rocks (Part 1, steps 1-6) Investigation 8 One Rock to Another

Rock Identification A and B Using the hand lens and the acid, complete the Rock number and Description columns. When you finish with your group of rocks, switch rock containers.

Rock Identification A (#11 - 13) igneous pink, white, black, grey shiny flat crystals dense intrusive 11 granite igneous grey, black, white dense fine-grained 12 extrusive basalt, fine-grained igneous black, grey holes of various sizes dense 13 extrusive basalt, vesicular

Rock Identification A (#16 - 19) igneous black, dark brown very shiny, like glass forms sharp edges 16 extrusive obsidan igneous grey, tan with holes not very dense would float in water 17 extrusive pumice igneous browns, reds holes like pumice does not float in water 19 extrusive scoria

Rock Identification A (#21) igneous 21 mostly white, some tan chalky, grainy extrusive tuff

Rock Identification B (#1 - 15) comes from shale or mudstone metamorphic 1 black, shiny schist metamorphic comes from shale or granite white, tan, black with lines 14 gneiss comes from limestone metamorphic fizzes in acid white, crystalline 15 marble

Rock Identification B (#18 - 20) metamorphic comes from sandstone 18 pink, crystalline quartzite metamorphic comes from shale 20 black, hard, smooth slate

Relative Scale and Magnification Exercise 8.3 Exercise 8.3 Image comprehension focus: Relative Scale and magnification Goal: Apply the understanding of relative scale to images in the Earth History module Type of Activity: Teacher Explanation   Notes: This image comprehension activity is flexible (and can be moved based on how the module timing is working) to be done prior to or after the students do the Wrightwood Marble reading. They can either introduce it along the lines of “Let’s take a look at some of the images in the reading you did” or “Let’s take a look at some of the images in the readings you are going to do.” Overview: The key idea here is for the student to see an example of how it is important to consider the perspective and scale of an image. The teacher will show three images that are roughly the same size in the text, but illustrate very different perspectives. In addition, the teacher will illustrate that sometimes there is a clue within the image itself that can help the viewer appreciate the scale of the image. Procedure: Have students turn to page 21 in CAsE Book Student Resource Book. The teacher should emphasize that sometimes one needs to be careful to note the magnification/scale of images in order to avoid developing misconceptions since these levels can vary from image to image. >>>next slide<<<  

Are these objects the same size in real life? … To illustrate this, show the modified images of the quartzite and white cliff and note that, although they are approximately the same size on the page (or screen), they do not have the same level of magnification. Direct the students to notice that in each case a familiar item serves to give you a sense of the level of magnification: In the cliff image it is a person standing on the cliff and in the quartzite image it is the penny. The teacher should also note that in the photos the penny looks large and the man looks small, which is very different from their sizes in the “real world.” This gives a sense of how to judge size and scale. [To help put this in context, the teacher can show a penny and compare its size to him/her.]… >>>next slide<<<

What Size Is This? Direct the students to look at picture 1 in the CAsE Book Student Resource Book Ask the students if picture 1 is similar in scale to either picture 2 or picture 3 Note that in this case there is no point of reference so one needs to be careful when interpreting the size of the image since there are no indications how large the structure is.