Chapter 4 Cell Activities

Chapter 4B Cellular Respiration

II. Cellular Respiration A. Organisms are placed into two categories based on how they obtain their energy. 1. Producers 2. Consumers

II. Cellular Respiration 1. Producers 2. Consumers Organisms make their own source of energy Examples include plants, algae, and some bacteria Organisms obtain energy by eating other organisms Examples include animals, humans, most bacteria, and fungi

The breakdown of an energy source to obtain usable energy for the cell Cellular Respiration The breakdown of an energy source to obtain usable energy for the cell

II. Cellular Respiration B. The Process 1. Enzymes take apart sugars and release energy in small amounts in the form of ATP.

ATP Adenosine Tri-Phosphate Actual energy currency for a cell

II. Cellular Respiration B. The Process 2. Aerobic cellular respiration a. most occurs in the mitochondria b. Sugars are disassembled c. ATP molecules are “recharged”

II. Cellular Respiration B. The Process 2. Aerobic cellular respiration d. Requires oxygen e. Carbon dioxide is exhaled

Aerobic Cellular Respiration reactants sugar + oxygen carbon dioxide + water + energy (ATP)

Aerobic Cellular Respiration sugar + oxygen products carbon dioxide + water + energy (ATP)

2. Aerobic Cellular Respiration

II. Cellular Respiration B. The Process 3. Anaerobic cellular respiration a) Performed without using oxygen

II. Cellular Respiration B. The Process 3. Anaerobic cellular respiration b) Two main types * alcoholic fermentation * lactic acid fermentation

Two main types of Anaerobic Cellular Respiration Alcoholic fermentation Lactic acid fermentation Alcohol and carbon dioxide are the products Example: Yeast in bread dough Lactic acid and carbon dioxide are the products Example: muscle cells when oxygen levels are low

3. Anaerobic Cellular Respiration

Irreducible Complexity Revisited