How do we ‘get’ our energy? Cellular Respiration How do we ‘get’ our energy?

Photosynthesis Review Photosynthesis is when PLANTS absorb SUNLIGHT, CO2 and H2O and turn it into C6H12O6 and O2

Photosynthesis Review It happens in the CHLOROPLAST, with the help of the CHLOROPHYLL

Photosynthesis Review The REACTANTS are CARBON DIOXIDE, WATER and SUNLIGHT. These things come BEFORE the arrow The PRODUCTS are GLUCOSE (SUGAR) and OXYGEN GAS These things come AFTER the arrow

Cellular Respiration Plants are PRODUCERS – because they can make their own food by photosynthesis. We (humans) are CONSUMERS – we CANNOT make our own food through photosynthesis. We must EAT food in order to get our energy! Does FOOD = ENERGY? NO!! Food = Food ATP = Energy We must turn our food into ATP by the process called CELLULAR RESPIRATION!!

Cellular Respiration It happens in the MITOCHONDRIA It is the OPPOSITE of photosynthesis.

Cell Respiration is the OPPOSITE of Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration Cellular Respiration takes GLUCOSE and OXYGEN and turns it into ATP, CARBON DIOXIDE and WATER The PRODUCTS of photosynthesis are the REACTANTS for cell respiration

ATP ATP stands for Adenosine Triphosphate Gotta get that ATP - Biology Song – YouTube ATP stands for Adenosine Triphosphate The energy in ATP is stored in the BONDS between the phosphates When the bond is broken, ENERGY is RELEASED

The REACTANTS of respiration are GLUCOSE and OXYGEN The REACTANTS of respiration are GLUCOSE and OXYGEN. The sugar (glucose) is obtained from ingestion (EATING) of food. The oxygen is obtained from the AIR. 2. The PRODUCTS of respiration are ATP, WATER and CARBON DIOXIDE. The water and carbon dioxide are released into the environment as WASTE. ATP is kept in the cell for use as ENERGY.

Do plants need to do Cell Respiration? YES!!! ALL living things must do cell respiration! Photosynthesis provides no DIRECT source of energy for the cell. The plant cell must convert the sugar made during photosynthesis to another form of energy: ATP

Two Types There are 2 types of cellular respiration… the kind we’ve been discussing is AEROBIC respiration because it requires OXYGEN!!

Cellular Respiration Recall that Cellular Respiration REQUIRES OXYGEN as one of its reactants But what happens when ATP is needed and there is NO OXYGEN available? Do you DIE?!?

Anaerobic Respiration Aerobic – “with oxygen” AIRobic Anaerobic – “without oxygen” Anaerobic respiration happens when there is no oxygen available. Does NOT make much ATP but it does happen VERY FAST!! It is NOT the method we want to use…but it will keep us alive Two types of anaerobic respiration: Alcoholic fermentation Lactic Acid fermentation

Aerobic Respiration ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP AEROBIC Respiration uses oxygen and produces a LOT of ATP 36 ATP for every glucose molecule ANAEROBIC Respiration does not use oxygen and only produces a LITTLE ATP 2 ATP for every glucose molecule ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP ATP

Types of Anaerobic Respiration There are 2 types of ANAEROBIC respiration The type that is done depends on the type of organism doing the respiration Alcoholic fermentation – yeasts and other microorganisms Produces alcohol and CO2 Lactic Acid fermentation – animals, like humans Produces lactic acid and CO2

Alcoholic fermentation Done by yeast and other microorganisms Produces alcohol and CO2 as waste products Bread is made this way Bread Making Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gYXjURcBk98

Alcohol…Harmful or Not?!? YOU decide!!

The yeast are using the sugar to make ATP through ANAEROBIC respiration The balloon fills up with CO2, which is a waste product

The holes in Bread are caused by pockets of CO2, as a result of anaerobic respiration

Lactic Acid fermentation ■ Done by animals, like humans ■Produces lactic acid and CO2 as waste products ▫Lactic acid builds up in the muscles and causes pain You’ve heard the saying… “Feel the Burn!!” The burn is caused by the acid building up in your muscles. Ouch