Effects of the point of measurement on the comparability of the data on waste treatment Methods of data compilation and the effects on the comparability of results THE CONTRACTOR IS ACTING UNDER A FRAMEWORK CONTRACT CONCLUDED WITH THE COMMISSION

Overview Reporting requirements related to the coverage of data on waste treatment Special issues related to the coverage of data on waste treatment Introduction to the practical exercise Example: Austrian approach to compile data on final treatment

Reporting requirements related to the coverage of data on waste treatment

Reporting requirements regarding waste treatment Key requirement is to report only the final treatment in recovery and disposal facilities (except backfilling), in the country. Recovery and disposal facilities are facilities that require a permit or registration pursuant to the Waste Framework Directive.

Exclusion of preparatory treatment In order to minimise double counting, preparatory treatment is excluded from the reporting on waste treatment Preparatory treatment operations include: D8 biological treatment D9 chemical-physical treatment D13 and D14 blending, mixing and repackaging of waste D15 temporary storage R12 Exchange of wastes R13 Temporary storage BUT: The distinction between pre-treatment and final treatment operations is not very clear.  Double counting must specially be taken into consideration during data collection and processing.

Exclusion of internal recycling Internal recycling = waste is recycled on the site where the waste is generated. Example: Production site Steel waste collected for treatment Recycling (R5) Steel mill (Recycling R4) Steel wastes Converter slags Foundry wastes Steel wastes Landfill (D1) Not covered by data set 2 Covered by data set

Special issues related to the coverage of data on waste treatment

Different R-codes might be used for preparatory treatment  Final recycling can not always be identified only based on the R-codes! Landfilling (D1) Glass waste collected for treatment Residues Sorting of glass (R5/R12???) Glass Recycling (R3 / R5) Paper waste collected for treatment Paper Sorting of paper (R3/R12???) Residues Incineration with energy recovery (R1) Not covered by data set 2 Covered by data set 2

Pre-treatment steps can occur in facilities for final treatment Mixed MW collected for treatment Landfill facility (D1) Recycling (R5 /R4) Sorting Landfilling Residues b) Glass, metall Mixed MW collected for treatment Sorting facility (R12) Landfill facility (D1) Recycling (R5 /R4) Sorting Landfilling Residues Glass, metall Not covered by data set 2 Covered by data set 2

Recycling in production facilities which might not need a waste permit Recycled quantities need to be determined based on the output data of pretreatment??? Example: Landfilling (D1) Glass waste collected for treatment Sorting / pretreatment of glass (R5) Residues Glass Recycling in a production facility (without waste permit)

Introduction to the practical exercises

Relevance of the point of measurement It depends strongly on the point of measurement, if the data collection covers all those waste flows it should cover. Double countings? Data gaps?

Questions related to the point of measurement of treated quantities Which waste flows of the following flow charts are relevant in your country? How do you compile data on finally treated wastes in your country? Please indicate in the following flow charts the points where the treated quantities are measured in your country.

Flow chart 1: Mixed municipal waste Site of treatment Landfilling (D1) Site of treatment MBT (D8/R12) Mixed municipal waste collected for treatment Site of treatment Recycling (R3/R4/R5) Sorting Sorting (R12/D13) Site of treatment Site of treatment Incineration with energy recovery (R1 /D10) 14

Flow chart 2: Glass waste Member State Site of treatment Landfilling (D1) Separately collected glass waste for treatment Sorting / pretreatment of glass (R5) Site of treatment Recycling in a production facility (R5 or without waste permit) Sorting Export Import Export Site of treatment Import Recycling (R5) Separately collected glass waste for treatment

Flow chart 3: Mineral C&D-Waste Site of treatment Landfilling (D1) Site of generation Mineral C&D waste collected Site of treatment Preprocessing (R5/R12) Recycling (R5/R3/R4) Preprocessing Site of treatment Recycling (R5) Site of treatment Backfilling

Example: Austrian approach to compile data on final treatment

The basis for waste statistics in Austria: EDM-System Waste statistics in Austria are based on data reported to the EDM-system and especially on The central register for facilities (ZAReg) The annual waste balances reported by collectors and treaters of waste. Standardized analysis criteria in a matrix-form are used. R&D-codes are only one of several criteria Each treatment type is analysed and validated by experts specialized on the topic concerned.

Reporting on recovery / disposal operations in Austria In the Austrian waste balances waste treatment operations have to be reported in a very high level of detail Example: Subcategories of R5 R5_01 Sorting out of impurities R5_02 Separation of waste streams before recovery R5_03 Preparation of specific mixtures R5_04 Soil production R5_05 Backfilling R5_06 Processing of construction wastes R5_07 Use in construction projects R5_08 Recovery of WEEE R5_09 Recovery of glass wastes R5_10 Physical-chemical treatment of anorganic waste R5_11 Landfill minig (anorganic materials) R5_12 Product manufacturing or preparation for reuse R5_13 Any other operation (execpt pretreatment) The comlete list available at: https://secure.umweltbundesamt.at/edm_portal/redaList.do?seqCode=798cfm7iyt6vmh

Definition and distinction of facilities in Austria Rules for the distinction of „relevant facilities“ are the basis for the registration of facilities and for the record keeping Key rules: Facilities located in different sites may not be summed up Facilities of different facility types may not be summed up Pretreatment step may be summed up with the main treatment step only, if the waste stream is not divided in different waste streams by the pretreatment step Facilities of the same treatment type may be summed up to one relevant facility only if both facilities are permitted to treat the same waste types The rules available at: https://secure.umweltbundesamt.at/edm_portal/cms.do;jsessionid=053AC3C493563563110B4044C9D4385B.edmportalnode01?get=/portal/informationen/recht/veroeffentlichen/relevanlagen.main

Detailed facility types of the EDM-system More than 100 different facility types specify facilities in the EDM-system Example: Subcategories of facilities for biological treatment Facility for biological treatment of liquid wastes Facility for biological soil remediation Facility for humification Composting facility Composting facility – main rotting Composting facility – post-rotting Mechanical-biological facility Mechanical-biological facility - main rotting Mechanical-biological facility - post-rotting Biological treatment step of a mechanical-biological facility Fermentation facility – recovery Fermentation facility – disposal Pretreatment facility for biological wastes The comlete list available at: https://secure.umweltbundesamt.at/edm_portal/redaList.do?seqCode=9aqhxryev449j9

Reporting on output streams that have a product status in Austria Example: Recycled construction materials Construction wastes collected for treatment (Pre-)processing of construction wastes (R5) Recycled construction materials - product quality Other recycled construction materials Other wastes Product storage for recycled construction materials –product quality Storage (R13) for other recycled construction materials Other recycled construction materials Product delivery Recycling (R5) or Landfilling (D1)

Contact & Information Milla Neubauer milla.neubauer@umweltbundesamt.at Umweltbundesamt www.umweltbundesamt.at ESTP course on waste statistics Wien ■ 6.-7.12.2016