Processes Within Memory: EQ: What are the processes involved in memory and what parts of the brain are involved?

I. Encoding: Once we acquire information, we must be able to enter that information into our memory in a logical fashion. We call this encoding: -Acoustic Encoding: Creating mental representations as a sequence of sounds. -Visual Encoding: Creating mental representations as images. -Semantic Encoding: Creating mental representations based on their general meaning

How might we encode this scene???

II. Storage: How we keep information is based on our ability to store it. Sometimes this will go into our long-term, working, or short-term memory based on necessity. Where should this go???

III. Retrieval: Once we commit the information into memory, we must be able to access it when necessary. We call this retrieval What is his name???

Retrieval Cues: Certain stimuli can “trigger” the retrieval of a memory. We call these retrieval cues

Tip of the Tongue Phenomenon: When we are trying to recall something, but it is just out of reach This can be exceedingly frustrating.

A Challenge of Retrieval: Think of a long-lost friend. Now think of a specific event/episode with that friend Now picture what your friend and you were wearing Finally, try to remember the specific dialogue within that scene

IV. Chunking: In many cases in memory, we link information together as one meaningful unit. We call this process chunking. EXAMPLES:

V. Amnesia: Amnesia is essentially the loss of information from our memory. This can either be temporary or permanent -Anterograde Amnesia: A loss of memory for any event that occurs after a brain injury -Retrograde Amnesia: A loss of memory for any event that occurs before a brain injury

The Case of Clive Wearing: On Website