Writing Good Objectives for e-learning Material Prof. Vasudha Kamat Head, Department of Educational Technology SNDT Women's University Mumbai 400049

Session Objectives Given your full attention and participation, at the end of this session, you will be able to do the following with at least 70% accuracy: Write objectives with specific performances, conditions, and criteria. 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Session Objectives Given your full attention and participation, at the end of this session, you will be able to do the following with at least 70% accuracy: Write Objectives specifications according to Bloom’s Taxanomy 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Session Objectives Given your full attention and participation, at the end of this session, you will be able to do the following with at least 70% accuracy: Write Objectives specifications according to Component Display Theory (CDT) 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Let’s begin with an Exercise Suppose I give following instructions to you. Read the given article. You may take as many notes as you wish. You have exactly four minutes. 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Problems faced … Without Objectives, you would not know… What to write in your notes, What to pay attention to, What will be included on the test, What you are supposed to learn. Have you ever been in this situation? 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Objectives for Exercise After reading this article, students will be able to … Identify various types of Instructional Strategies. Select the most appropriate Instructional strategy. Justify the selection. Wouldn’t your notes be different if you were told this before the quiz? 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Objectives for Exercise With objectives identified, students probably would be able to … better anticipate the types of questions that would be on the quiz. take better (more specific) notes. learn more of what the instructor wanted them to learn. score much higher on the quiz. 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Domains of Objectives 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Cognitive Affective Psycho-motor Domains of Objectives Cognitive Affective Psycho-motor 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Cognitive Domain Bloom’s Taxonomy Evaluation Synthesis Cognitive Analysis Application Comprehension Knowledge Affective Psycho-motor 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Affective Domain Characterization Organization Cognitive Valuing Psycho-motor Cognitive Characterization Organization Valuing Responding Receiving Affective 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Psychomotor Domain Naturalization Articulation Cognitive Precision Affective Naturalization Articulation Precision Manipulation Imitation Psycho-motor 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Domains of Objectives Test I Classify following statement of objective in appropriate domain. The student will be able to repair electronic household items Cognitive Affective Psychomotor 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Domains of Objectives Test I Classify following statement of objective in appropriate domain. The student will be able to identify advantages of bilateral ties with Malaysia. Cognitive Affective Psychomotor 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Domains of Objectives Test I Classify following statement of objective in appropriate domain. The student will be able to persuade people to give up smoking. Cognitive Affective Psychomotor 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Mager’s Theory of Objective Good objectives contain three parts: Performance: What should the learner be able to do? Condition(s): Under what conditions should the learner be able to do this? Criterion: How well must it be done? 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Performance A good objective clearly states what the student is expected to be able to do or to produce to be considered competent. 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Visible and Invisible Performance Performance that is visible or audible is OVERT e.g. running, cooking, typing Performance that is not observable is COVERT e.g. identifying, solving, distinguishing 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Action Verbs Cognitive Domain Evaluation Synthesis Analysis Application Comprehension Knowledge Ability to recall previously learned material Define Identify List Name Recall State Record Recognize Repeat Underline 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Action Verbs Cognitive Domain Evaluation Synthesis Analysis Application Comprehension Knowledge Ability to grasp meaning, explain, restate ideas Choose Describe Simulate Determine Explain Discuss Express Differentiate Interpret Locate Review Discriminate Translate Practice Give in own words 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Action Verbs Cognitive Domain Evaluation Synthesis Analysis Application Comprehension Knowledge Ability to use learned material in new situations Initiate Apply Use Dramatize Employ Relate Generalize Illustrate Interpret Operate Practice Schedule Utilize Demonstrate 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Action Verbs Cognitive Domain Evaluation Synthesis Analysis Application Comprehension Knowledge Ability to separate material into component parts and show relationships between parts Analyze Appraise Calculate Categorize Compare Conclude Contrast Correlate Criticize Reduce Detect Predict Estimate Examine Test Infer Inspect Relate 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Action Verbs Cognitive Domain Evaluation Synthesis Analysis Application Comprehension Knowledge Ability to put together the separate ideas to form new whole, establish new relationships Arrange Assemble Collect Compose Construct Create Design Develop Manage Modify Plan Prepare Produce Propose Predict Reconstruct Set-up 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Action Verbs Cognitive Domain Evaluation Synthesis Analysis Application Comprehension Knowledge Ability to judge the worth of material against stated criteria Appraise Assess Choose Compare Critique Estimate Judge Measure Test Rate Revise Score Select Validate Value 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Conditions The important conditions (if any) under which the performance is to occur. Given the brand names of several products currently available to the cosmetologist, be able to underline those that would be considered safe to use as shampoo. 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Conditions Examples: Given a problem of the following type… Given a list of… Given any reference of the learner's choice… Given a matrix of intercorrelations… When provided with a standard set of tools… Given a properly functioning… Without the aid of references… With the aid of references… Without the aid of a calculator… Without the aid of tools 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Conditions Makes the objective even more specific. Eliminates the need for guesswork by the student. Detailed enough to describe each of the conditions needed to allow the performance to happen. Makes accurate measurement of learner performance even easier, and makes development of material easier. 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Criteria A good objective describes how well a student would have to perform to be considered competent. Adding a criterion to an objective will provide a way to measure a student’s competence of a particular task. 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Criteria Speed Quantity Quality Accuracy 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Criteria A criterion added to an objective will provide: a testing standard a success measurement for students a success measurement for the instructor A criterion should name appropriate or desired ability, not a minimum level 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Summary Performance: An objective always says what a learner is expected to be able to do; the objective sometimes describes the product or the result of the doing. Conditions: An objective always describes the important conditions (if any) under which the performance is to occur. Criterion: Wherever possible, an objective describes the criterion of acceptable performance by describing how well the learner must perform in order to be considered acceptable. 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Examples of Objective Statements Given a list of descriptions of human behavior, be able to differentiate (sort) between normal and psychotic. Given a paragraph, prepare atleast 5 good quality higher order questions. Identify the central theme of the given novel. Be able to recognize correct and incorrect ways of measuring a patients pulse. Transform the given sentences from Active to Passive Voice. 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Bloom’s Taxonomy Test II Identify correctly written objective statement. The student will be able to understand functions of Internet. Yes No The student will be able to draw sketches of human faces. Yes No Demonstrate to the students the proper procedure for completing the form. Yes No 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

Bloom’s Taxonomy Answers to Test II Identify correctly written objective statement. The student will be able to understand functions of Internet. No The student will be able to draw sketches of human faces. Yes Demonstrate to the students the proper procedure for completing the form. No 12/7/2018 Prof. Vasudha Kamat

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