G. J. Kerr, M. R. McCann, J. K. Branch, A. Ratneswaran, M. A. Pest, D

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C57BL/6 mice are resistant to joint degeneration induced by whole-body vibration G.J. Kerr, M.R. McCann, J.K. Branch, A. Ratneswaran, M.A. Pest, D.W. Holdsworth, F. Beier, S.J. Dixon, C.A. Séguin Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Volume 25, Issue 3, Pages 421-425 (March 2017) DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2016.09.020 Copyright © 2016 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Effects of repeated exposure to WBV on IVD health. A. Representative sagittal sections of the lumbar spine stained with safranin-O/fast green from mice exposed to WBV (for 4 or 8 weeks, 30 min/day, 5 days/week, at 45 Hz and 0.3 g) and non-vibrated sham controls. Images are oriented with rostral portion of the lumbar spine on top and dorsal portion on the left. B. Histopathological scores generated using the modified Thompson grading scale demonstrated no significant differences in degeneration score corresponding to the annulus fibrosus (AF) or nucleus pulposus (NP) from mice exposed to either 4 or 8 weeks WBV compared to their respective non-vibrated sham controls. C. qPCR analysis of IVD gene expression in mice exposed to 8 weeks WBV and sham controls. Expression of extracellular matrix genes (Acan, Col1a1, Col2a1), the transcription Sox9, and matrix remodeling enzymes (Mmp3, Mmp13, Adamts4, Adamts5) were determined relative to the expression of the housekeeping gene Rps29 and normalized to that of non-vibrated sham controls. Data are presented as mean ± 95% CI (n = 5–6 mice per group). Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2017 25, 421-425DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2016.09.020) Copyright © 2016 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Effect of repeated exposure to WBV on knee health. A. Representative coronal sections of the medial knee compartment stained with toluidine blue from mice exposed to WBV (30 min/day, 5 days/week, for 4 or 8 weeks at 45 Hz and 0.3 g) and non-vibrated sham control mice. Images are oriented with the medial femoral condyle (MFC) located superiorly, and the medial tibial plateau (MTP) inferiorly. B. Histopathological grading of the knee joints using the murine Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scale. Joints from each mouse were evaluated using 10 serial sections (taken 75 μm apart) and the summed OARSI scores are presented corresponding to the MFC, MTP, lateral femoral condyle (LFC) and lateral tibial plateau (LTP), which were then combined to generate the summed score for the whole joint (WJ). No significant differences in degeneration scores were detected between mice exposed to WBV and sham controls in any of the compartments investigated. Data are presented as mean ± 95% CI (n = 5–6 mice per group). Osteoarthritis and Cartilage 2017 25, 421-425DOI: (10.1016/j.joca.2016.09.020) Copyright © 2016 Osteoarthritis Research Society International Terms and Conditions