Cosmophysics Group KEK Theory Center 10-12 Nov. 2009 HEAP2009 High Energy Astrophysics 2009 - Cosmic Particles, Jets and Accelerator Science - Let’s start Hight Energy Astrophysics 2009 HEAP2009. This is an opening address on behalf of the cosmophysics group, KEK theory center. Cosmophysics Group KEK Theory Center 10-12 Nov. 2009

High Energy Astrophysics A broad subject – stars, galaxies, BHs, etc. Cosmic Ray Cosmic Jet AGN Microquasar High Energy Astrophysics is a broad subject, dealing with the physics of the universe, such as stars, galaxies, interstellar medium, black holes as well as their interactions. In particular, one of the most fundamental problems in high energy astrophysics is the origin of cosmic particles and jets. These issues provide the scientific bottom lines for astrophysical researches. Pulsar GRB Bottom Line Science

Crossover Discipline Fermi satellite PAMELA satellite Positron High energy astrophysics is now a crossover discipline tying the diverse fields of particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology. The recently launched Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope has already detected numerous objects at GeV energies. Possible excesses of cosmic-ray electrons and positrons, recently indicated by PAMELA and ATIC/PPB-BETS, also connect dark matter physics and astrophysics. Gamma ⇒ Particle Physics

Multi-Messenger Era TeV Gamma UHE Cosmic Ray Auger, HiRes, TA ⇒ EUSO In the TeV gamma-ray sky, ground-based telescopes (HESS/MAGIC/VERITAS/MILAGRO) have successfully made many new discoveries, leading to dedicated plans for next-generation facilities (CTA/AGIS/HAWC). We are also witnessing the dawn of a new era of multi-messenger astronomy, utilizing not only photons but also other particles, such as UHE cosmic-rays observed by Auger. Auger, HiRes, TA ⇒ EUSO GZK cutoff? Anisotropy? Composition? HESS, MAGIC, CANG. ⇒ CTA

Upcoming New Windows High Energy n Gravitational Wave Particle, Hadron & Gravity New windows to the universe is also almost opening through the high energy neutrino as well as gravitational wave channels. LIGO, Virgo, GEO, LCGT, AIGO, LISA, DECIGO/BBO IceCube, ANTARES

Accelerator Laboratory LSST IceCube Fermi JDEM Auger JDEM In these interdisciplinary fields, the role of accelerator laboratories are becoming ever more important, both technologically and scientifically. This is exemplified by the Fermi experiment led by SLAC. Other laboratories in the world are also get involved in this direction. SDSS CAST DES

Energy Frontier Cosmic accelerator could expand the energy frontier? Center-of-Mass Energy Man-made accelerator is already saturating (top) (W±,Z) (Nn=3) (gluon) Cosmic accelerator could expand the energy frontier? This trend is expected to intensify along with future increases in energy scale and project size. In view of the difficulties in advancing the energy frontier in terrestrial experiments, we may have to diversify to survive the scientific desert. (J/y, t) Year

KEK for Cosmophysics? The time is ripe to consider how KEK KEK’s Roadmap (5 yr): J-PARC & KEKB upgrade KEK seems to have avoided non-accelerator science, partly because of a law against it. CMB Cosmo- physics Group BESS Currently KEK puts the first priority on J-PARC experiments and the KEKB upgrade. Of course, the accelerator physics will remain the main purpose of this laboratory. But it seems to me that KEK has avoided non-accelerator science, partly because of a law against it. Only three years ago there was only BESS group for the cosmophysics science. But now we have also the CMB group and our theory group. Thus, the time is ripe to seriously consider how KEK can commit itself in this direction, including the iniation of large cosmophysics projects on a 10-year time scale. ~2 yr old ~2 yr old The time is ripe to consider how KEK can commit itself in this direction

Aim of the workshop To discuss the latest observational and theoretical developments, e.g., Fermi & PAMELA results To exchange ideas on some of the most fundamental problems, e.g., origin of cosmic particles and jets and the nature of dark matter To address the future of accelerator lab. (not politically but scientifically)

Acknowledgement Many thanks for coming to this workshop. Apology for the late starting of the workshop organization. (It was only ~3 months ago…) - Please enjoy the workshop and autumn leaves! Tsukuba Mountain