Relationship between the recruited volume and the arithmetic mean of the ratios of lung density at PEEP 15 cm H2O to lung density at PEEP 5 cm H2O (μP15/P5)

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Conversion Factors.

Advertisements

Effect of nasal positive expiratory pressure (PEP) on 6-min walk test (6MWT) distance and pre- to post-exercise increase in lung volumes in each individual.

Forest plot of the diagnostic yield of combined transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) and transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) in patients with sarcoidosis.

Residual volume (RV) to total lung capacity (TLC) ratio versus FEV1 % predicted. Residual volume (RV) to total lung capacity (TLC) ratio versus FEV1 %

The patient is being ventilated with 2 types of breaths.

The changes in peak flow and inspiratory time between a minimum rise time (first 2 breaths) and a maximum rise time (last 2 breaths), with the Servo-i.

Airway pressure and flow waveforms during constant flow volume control ventilation, illustrating the effect of an end-inspiratory breath-hold. Airway pressure.

Trigger pressure-time product (PTP) with zero pressure support, with no leak, medium leak, and large leak. Trigger pressure-time product (PTP) with zero.

Air flow during ventilator-supported speech production.

Lung CT images were obtained while tracing the curve in static conditions. Lung CT images were obtained while tracing the curve in static conditions. Note.

Density Concept Questions.

Matrix used to calculate the kappa statistic.

Lung simulator diagram of airway pressure release ventilation (APRV): volume (yellow), lung pressure (white), and flow (orange)/time curve. Lung simulator.

Picture of bubble PEP devices.

Flow chart of pressure support test and spontaneous breathing trial (SBT). Flow chart of pressure support test and spontaneous breathing trial (SBT). The.

Cuff-pressure changes after the addition of 5 mL and 10 mL of air into the cuff of 3 artificial airways, after initial baseline of 30 cm H2O established.

Even though this patient is undergoing positive-pressure mechanical ventilation, the first 4 breaths have a relatively negative pressure (ie, pressure.

Differences in the distribution of lung densities in a patient with ARDS on a computed tomography scan between supine position (top) and prone position.

An example of delayed cycling during pressure-support ventilation of a patient with COPD, on a Puritan Bennett 7200 ventilator, which has a flow-termination.

Box plots comparing peak inspiratory pressures (PIP) causing the 4 main experimental outcomes: bradycardia, hypotension, asystole, and pneumothorax. Box.

At time zero, a water column of 10 cm H2O was poured above the tested endotracheal tube (ETT) cuffs. At time zero, a water column of 10 cm H2O was poured.

The third breath has a negative deflection (ie, below PEEP) at the end of the mechanical breath (arrow A) associated with a flow increase (arrow B), indicating.

Simulated screenshot of flow starvation in volume control continuous mandatory ventilation. Simulated screenshot of flow starvation in volume control continuous.

Characteristics of a pressure-supported breath.

A: Computed tomogram shows bilateral dependent consolidation in a patient with ARDS, as well as ground-glass opacities in the non-dependent lung. A: Computed.

The peak flows (60 L/min) and flow patterns are the same for all the breaths. The peak flows (60 L/min) and flow patterns are the same for all the breaths.

Sensitivity, Specificity, Positive Predictive Value, Negative Predictive Value, Area Under the Curve, and 95% CIs for the 0, 10, 25, 50, and 100 SatSeconds.

Comparison of airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) (blue curve) and biphasic positive airway pressure (BIPAP) (black curve). Comparison of airway.

Trigger and synchronization windows.

Kaplan-Meier curves depicting the probability of survival from study enrollment in patients receiving conventional chest physical therapy (CCPT) (solid.

This tracing depicts 30 seconds of information.

Work rate as a function of pressurization rate and cycling-off threshold, during pressure-support ventilation of (A) patients with acute lung injury (ALI),

Example of Aerogen Solo Nebulizer before use with a fill volume of 3 mL normal saline (arrow 1) (A); the same nebulizer after random premature cessation.

Schematic drawing of alveolar sizes at upper (A), middle (B), and lower dependent (C) lung regions at end expiration and end inspiration. Schematic drawing.

Bland-Altman plots of preferred – alternate method versus mean of the preferred and alternate methods for (A) residual volume (RV) for the obstructive.

In supine obese people, the weight of the abdomen pushes against the diaphragm, causing a cranial displacement of the muscle. In supine obese people, the.

Negative pressures calculated with the Rosen and Hillard formula

Static pressure-volume curve from a patient with ARDS showing the lower inflection point (LIP) on the inflation limb signifying the beginning of significant.

Schematic representation of the proposed definition of prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) in neonates and children. Schematic representation of the.

Change in mean pulmonary arterial pressure after a 5-min inhalation of the Rho kinase inhibitor Y in rats with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension, with.

Electrical impedance tomographic (EIT) images are created using a series of electrodes placed across the chest, each of which send and receive electrical.

Three-dimensional computed tomogram reconstruction of the great vessels extending into the neck, documenting a pseudo-aneurysm of the right innominate.

Process control chart of the mean monthly time between emergency department assessment/bronchodilator treatment and emergency department discharge. Process.

Negative pressures generated in our airway model.

A: Pressure ulcer on the left cheek of a patient after 1 week of prone positioning using a commercially available endotracheal tube (ETT) holder. A: Pressure.

The cause of asynchrony during volume-targeted ventilation and total asynchrony index. The cause of asynchrony during volume-targeted ventilation and total.

Calculated negative pressure developed in the lung plotted against the outside diameter of the suction catheter to the inside diameter of the airway. Calculated.

Flow, airway pressure, and transversus abdominis electromyogram (EMG) waveforms from a mechanically ventilated patient with COPD receiving pressure-support.

FEV1 and FVC for the control group (without noninvasive ventilation [NIV]), NIV with an inspiratory pressure (IPAP) of 15 cm H2O and expiratory pressure.

Relationship between PEmax and PImax for healthy individuals (A) and subjects with neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) among the pathologies (B). Relationship.

Spirometry test quality, reported as a grade point average, for the pulmonary function technicians, in the first 40 months of the Lung Health Study. Spirometry.

Correlation between maximum inspiratory pressure and inspiratory load compensation (ILC) ventilatory variables in the 16 difficult-to-wean subjects, prior.

Ventilation protocol. Ventilation protocol. The PEEP group raised peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) through 5-cm H2O PEEP increments every 2 min while keeping.

Tidal volume (VT) error (% difference between set and actual values) was determined for each ventilator at VT of 300, 500, and 700 mL. Tidal volume (VT)

A: Work of breathing before and after nebulized terbutaline delivered via standard nebulization method versus delivered during continuous positive airway.

Sequence plot visualizing the development of symptom frequency for the cohort at the individual level between 2006 and Sequence plot visualizing.

Inspiratory load compensation responses before and after inspiratory muscle strength training (IMST) in the unweaned versus weaned subjects, with a 10.

The changes in peak flow and inspiratory time between a minimum rise time (first 2 breaths) and a maximum rise time (last 2 breaths), with the Servo-i.

Representative tidal volume (VT) and breathing frequency (f) patterns of subjects with COPD and normal subjects during cardiopulmonary exercise testing.

Plot of the surface tension (γ) and area.

Boundary graph for prescription flow (Qp) and supply flow (Qs).

For inspiratory load compensation testing, this threshold positive expiratory pressure (PEP) training device was inverted and connected to a respiratory.

Lung model expiratory CO2 (or PETOv2) representing simulated alveolar CO2 at baseline (no high-flow nasal cannula) and effect on expiratory CO2 at different.

Difference between mid-frequency ventilation (MFV), volume control continuous mandatory ventilation (VC-CMV), and pressure control CMV (PC-CMV) when frequency.

Arterial blood gas measurement of oxygen tension.

Mean ± SD PEEP requirements from randomized clinical trials of lung-protective ventilation whereby PEEP and FIO2 were titrated to maintain PaO2

Minute-by-minute means of breathing variables during the spontaneous breathing trial for the groups of subjects with trial success (n = 32) and failure.

Representative waveforms for each of the devices tested from which the oscillatory f was counted. Representative waveforms for each of the devices tested.

Time taken to perform the Glittre activities of daily living (Glittre ADL) test by severity of COPD obstruction according to Global Initiative for Chronic.

Mean nasopharyngeal pressure during high-flow oxygen therapy, with mouth open or closed. Mean nasopharyngeal pressure during high-flow oxygen therapy,

Presentation transcript:

Relationship between the recruited volume and the arithmetic mean of the ratios of lung density at PEEP 15 cm H2O to lung density at PEEP 5 cm H2O (μP15/P5) over all regions of interest. Relationship between the recruited volume and the arithmetic mean of the ratios of lung density at PEEP 15 cm H2O to lung density at PEEP 5 cm H2O (μP15/P5) over all regions of interest. The solid line is the regression line across the data points. The horizontal dotted line indicates the threshold to define recruiters (recruited volume above 150 mL). The vertical dashed line is drawn from μP15/P5 equal to 1, indicating no change in lung density with the higher PEEP. Florent Wallet et al. Respir Care 2013;58:416-423 (c) 2012 by Daedalus Enterprises, Inc.