Regulation of the Cell Cycle

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Presentation transcript:

Regulation of the Cell Cycle Chapter 10.3 (p.286-290) HHMI: The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle and Cancer Regulation of the Cell Cycle

External Regulators Cell-Cell Recognition Surface proteins in direct contact Inhibits cell division

External Regulators Growth Factors Molecules that bind to surface receptor proteins Stimulate cell division

Stimulate cell cycle when together! Internal Regulators CDKs Enzymes that “activate” other proteins by attaching a phosphate group Always present in cell Cyclins Proteins that bind to CDKs Fluctuate throughout cell cycle Concentration Type Stimulate cell cycle when together!

Internal Regulators P53 & BRCA1 MAD Stalls cell from progressing to next phase DNA can be repaired If damage cannot be fixed Apoptosis Prevents cell from progressing to anaphase when chromosomes are not properly attached to spindle fibers Inhibit cell cycle!

Cancer Caused by The body’s loss of control over the cell cycle Stimulation of cycle Cells forgetting to die Accumulation of cells = tumor

Characteristics of Cancer Hyperplasia: uncontrolled cell division Dedifferentiation: loss of specialized functions of normal cells Invasiveness: ability to grow and spread into neighboring tissue Angiogenesis: promote the formation of blood vessels for nourishment Metastasis: cells can detach and travel via blood to other areas of the body, starting new tumors

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