AUDIO DEPARTMENT

(Question): You should cut the grounding pin off a power cord to get rid of an annoying buzz. (A): True (B): False (Correct): A

(Question): Number the proper steps to turn on a sound system. (A): __1__ AMPS __2__ EQ __3_ TAPE/CD _4___ MIXER (B): __2__ AMPS __1__ EQ __2_ TAPE/CD _4___ MIXER (C): __4__ AMPS __3__ EQ __3_ TAPE/CD _1___ MIXER (D): __2__ AMPS __3__ EQ __4_ TAPE/CD _1___ MIXER (Correct): C

(Question): What are the two types of mic elements used most often? (A): Cardiod (B): Omni (C): Condensor (D): Hand Held (Correct): A,C

(Question): You should test a mic by blowing into it. (A): True (B): False (Correct): B

(Question): What is the function of a Direct Box, (DI)? (A): hook up directly to the board (B): provide direction to the sound (C): convert instrument output to xlr line signal (D): convert xlr line signal into sound waves (Correct): C

(Question): What happens to two identical signals that are 180 out of phase? (A): they sound better as stereo effect (B): They sound stronger as the are seperate (C): They are softer as they cancel each outher out (D): This is the best sound possible (Correct): C

(Question): Why is the polarity of speaker connections important? A speaker is is wired in phase ( + to + and - to - ) it travels with inward and outward movements. If you wire a speaker up backwards this still does occur however it will move opposite to the rest of the speakers. (If the others are wired correctly) This can create a hollow effect known as cancellation. When one speaker is creating a compression movement the other is creating a depression movement. Hence, an outward and inward speaker cone movements are occuring at the same relative time on 2 different speakers cancelling each other out. All of the speakers must be In phase for correct sound.

(Question): What are the three most important guidelines for feedback control? • Reduce the distance from the talker to the microphone. Each time this distance is halved, the sound system output will increase by 6dB. • Move the loudspeaker farther away from the microphone. Each time this distance is doubled, the sound system output can be increased by 6dB. • Use an equalizer/feedback reducer to cut the frequency bands in which the feedback occurs. The sound system output will typically increase 3 to 9dB.  

(Question): Number the signal path from input to output (Question): Number the signal path from input to output. _______ AMP _______ MIXER _______ SPEAKER _______ EQ _______ MIC (A): . _____1__ AMP ___2____ MIXER ___3____ SPEAKER ___4____ EQ ____5___ MIC (B): . ____4___ AMP ____2___ MIXER ___5____ SPEAKER ___3____ EQ ____1___ MIC (C): . ____4___ AMP ____3___ MIXER ____5___ SPEAKER ___2____ EQ ____1___ MIC (D): . ___2____ AMP ___2____ MIXER ____1___ SPEAKER ___4____ EQ ___5____ MIC (Correct): B

(Question): What is a graphic equalizer? (A): a device that shows sound frequencies (B): a device for controlling sound frequencies (C): a device that moves sound frequencies (D): a device that makes all frequencies equal (Correct): B

(Question): What does a power amplifier do? (A): powers things (B): makes things louder (C): makes electrical signals powerful (D): pushes electrical signal to speakers (Correct): C

(Question): What is clipping? (A): what you do for a hair cut (B): when sound cuts out (C): when signal over powers an amplifier or circuit (D): when signal drops off (Correct): C

(Question): You can connect in parallel as many speakers as you want to a power amplifier. (A): True (B): False (Correct): B

(Question): What are a common uses of a 70 volt sound system? (A): house main sound (B): back stage sound (C): pa system (D): monitor systems (Correct): C

(Question): What does a crossover do? (A): set frequency break points for speakers (B): crosses sound waves (C): seperates highs and lows (D): makes high and lows sound good (Correct): A

(Question): What are the two types of crossovers? (A): Passive (B): Omni (C): Active (D): dynamic (Correct): A, C

(Question): What is an audio snake? (A): a talking animal (B): a set of audio cables bound together (C): a set of electrical cables bound together (D): a fan of cables at one end and a box at the other (Correct): B

(D): frequency enhancement (Question): What is added to the signal path to make under -balcony speakers work properly? (A): Extra volume (B): time delay (C): extra speakers (D): frequency enhancement (Correct): B

(Question): What does MIDI stand for? (A): Music Industry Dial Intensity (B): Music Instrument Dial Intensity (C): Music Instrument Digital Intensity (D): Music Instrument Digital Interface (Correct): D

(Question): What can MIDI control besides keyboards? • MIDI Show Control (MSC) devices such as show controllers, which transmit messages to aid in the operation and cueing of live theatrical and themed entertainment productions. For example, a variety of show control sub systems such as sound consoles, sound playback controllers, virtual audio matrices and switchers, video playback systems, rigging controllers, pyro and lighting control systems directly respond to MSC commands. However, most standalone generic MSC controllers are intended to actuate a generic computerised show control system which has been carefully programmed to produce the complex desired results that the show demands at each moment of the production. • MIDI Musical Instrument Digital Interface allows a variety of musical instruments to interact with the PC in a digital environment for recording or performance.

(A): __1__ AMPS __2__ EQ __3_ TAPE/CD _4___ MIXER (Question): Explain the difference of the Pre/Post button on a mixing console. (A): __1__ AMPS __2__ EQ __3_ TAPE/CD _4___ MIXER (B): __2__ AMPS __1__ EQ __2_ TAPE/CD _4___ MIXER (C): __4__ AMPS __3__ EQ __3_ TAPE/CD _1___ MIXER (D): __2__ AMPS __3__ EQ __4_ TAPE/CD _1___ MIXER (Correct): C

(Question): Explain the difference of the Pre/Post button on a mixing console. Pre Send delivers the signal out of the mixer BEFORE it passes through the channel fader;prefader. Therefore, you can move the volume fader all you want but it’s not going to affect the volume going to that auxiliary unit. Post Send delivers the signal out of the mixer After it passes through the fader;postfader.Therfore,when you move the volume fader, that aux send volume is equally manipulated

(Question): What do you do when finished talking on a headset, or before you take it off? Going off headset

(Question): What is phantom power, and what is its typical voltage? (A): 48 volts (B): 1.5 Volts (C): 4.8 bolts (D): 9 Volts (Correct): A

(Question): What type of microphone requires phantom power? (A): Cardiod (B): Omni (C): Condensor (D): Hand Held (Correct): A

(A): True (B): False (Correct): B (Question): You can run a Genie lift over a snake as long as the outer insulation is not damaged. (A): True (B): False (Correct): B

(Question): You are standing onstage with a microphone cable in your hand. Which end do you run to the microphone? (A): The short end (B): The male end (C): The female end (D): The ¼ inch end (Correct): C

(Question): Always work in a logical signal-flow based pattern (Question): Always work in a logical signal-flow based pattern. Do not bounce around different places. Start at the _________ of the signal flow (usually the console) and work your way back to the ________ (usually the microphone). Try “possible fix” _____ at a time and check your signal flow each time (A): end (B): beginning (C): one

(Question): Use ____________ when troubleshooting (Question): Use ____________ when troubleshooting. That way, everybody else doesn’t have to listen to your mistakes. (A): headphones

(Question): Before trying to find a “no sound” problem, ALWAYS turn down your ______ ______! (A): input (B): fader

(Question): If you can hear the input with your headphone, then you know the problem is within the ________ _______. (A): console (B): routing

(Question): Follow the console routing from input to output, listening at each point (using the ______ and _____ buttons) to make sure the audio is getting to the output. (A): PFL (B): AFL

(A): console (B): microphone (Question): If you can not hear audio at the input, then check each point from the _______ to the ___________. (A): console (B): microphone

(Question): Regarding feedback Check your speaker/microphone placement (Question): Regarding feedback Check your speaker/microphone placement. Microphones MUST be ______ speakers. (A): behind

(Question): Regarding feedback always point speakers ________ from walls. (A): away

(Question): Loud volumes are ________ to the listener and are a significant cause of feedback. (A): tiring

(Question): For Low frequency feedback, use the _________ on the input fader and turn it down to prevent low frequency feedback and handling noise. (A): low EQ

(Question): For real high frequency “sibilance” and ringing, turn down the _________ on the input fader. (A): high EQ

(Question): Mid range frequencies need to be _________ (Question): Mid range frequencies need to be _________ . Often, there are mid range frequencies that are mistaken for Low Frequency feedback or High Frequency feedback. Finding mid-range frequencies takes practice. First you have to ______ the problem frequency and then turn it down. (A): found (B) : find

(Question): Mid range frequencies need to be _________ (Question): Mid range frequencies need to be _________ . Often, there are mid range frequencies that are mistaken for Low Frequency feedback or High Frequency feedback. Finding mid-range frequencies takes practice. First you have to ______ the problem frequency and then turn it down. (A): found (B) : find

(A): Ground (B): Hot (C): Negative (Question): Standard XLR Audio Wiring: Pin 1: A________ Pin 2: B_______ Pin 3: C______ (A): Ground (B): Hot (C): Negative

(Question): The Speed of Sound is Approximately _____ ft per second in air (Rounded off).

(Question): Wavelength: 1130 ÷ ________ = wavelength (A): frequency

(Question): Decibel (dB) is an _________ measurement unit of volume. (A): Exponential

(Question): A ____ increase in acoustic volume is a doubling of volume (A): 6dB

(Question): A ____ electrical in acoustic volume is a doubling of volume (A): 3dB

(Question): Ohms Law: Where V = ______ I = ______ R = ________ (A): Voltage (B): Current (C): Resistance (D): Intensity

(Question): Ohms Law: Where V = ______ I = ______ R = ________ (A): Voltage (B): Current (C): Resistance (D): Intensity

(Question): Normally Low Impedance. Uses __ wires for each signal (B): three

(Question): Normally High Impedance. Uses __ wires for each signal (B): two

(A): Unbalanced (B): High (Question): _______ or ______ Impedance wires are 0kay for distances below 15 feet in most environments, and cannot reject outside electrical interferences. (A): Unbalanced (B): High

(Question): _______ or ______ Impedance wires are 0kay for distances above 15 feet in most environments, and are good for rejecting electrical interference and radio waves. (A): Balanced (B): Low

(Question): Define the connector in the picture and its use, NOTE: connecters are not to scale. (A): ¼ Mono

(Question): Define the connector in the picture and its use, NOTE: connecters are not to scale. (A): ¼ Stereo

(Question): Define the connector in the picture and its use, NOTE: connecters are not to scale. (A): 1/8 Stereo

(Question): Define the connector in the picture and its use, NOTE: connecters are not to scale. (A): XLR Male

(Question): Define the connector in the picture and its use, NOTE: connecters are not to scale. (A): XLR Female

(Question): Define the connector in the picture and its use, NOTE: connecters are not to scale. (A): RCA

(Question): Define the connector in the picture and its use, NOTE: connecters are not to scale. (A): Midi

(Question): Define the connector in the picture and its use, NOTE: connecters are not to scale. (A): Speakon

(Question): Define the connector in the picture and its use, NOTE: connecters are not to scale. (A): Banana

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 1 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? Adds or removes 48v phantom power from that channel for use with condenser microphones

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 2 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? Choose between a mic (xlr)or line (1/4”) input on a board, and makes difference between a line signal (low voltage) and an XLR (no voltage) signal

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 3 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? Gain knob, opens the input for signal to bring sound into a microphone

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 4 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? Aux Send knobs, allows amonts of channel signal to be sent out of the board to the aux output that is being used, to: and external effects device, or and external location, or and external mix

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 5 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? Pre Send delivers the signal out of the mixer BEFORE it passes through the channel fader; prefader. Therefore, you can move the volume fader all you want but it’s not going to affect the volume going to that auxiliary unit. Post Send delivers the signal out of the mixer After it passes through the fader; post fader. Therfore, when you move the volume fader, that aux send volume is equally manipulated

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 6 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? Adjusts the High Frequencies of a channel by adding or lessoning the high frequencies

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 7 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? Adjusts the mid range Frequencies of a channel by adding or lessoning the mid frequencies

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 8 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? Adjusts the range that the mid range attenuator of a channel by enhances or detracts from.

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 9 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? Adjusts the low Frequencies of a channel by adding or lessoning the low frequencies

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 10 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? 75 HZ Frequency cut off button, Removes all sound frequencies below 75 HZ

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 11 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? Pans the channel to the left or right of the Stereo output of the board.

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 12 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? Mute button, Cuts out the fader output to the main mix.

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 13 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? PFL means pre fade listen. Allows you to here in headphones a channels signal without it being live to the main mix.

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 14 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? Buttons allow you to send this channels to a group control fader

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 15 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? Buttons allow you to send this channels sound to the main mix directly

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 16 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? Button allows the sound signal to be sent to all outputs equally creating a mono sound, eliminating a possible stereo output effect.

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 17 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? The fader allows the amount of signal from this channel to be sent to the main mix.

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 18 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? LED signal monitors the level of the signal that is present in this channel

(Question): WHAT DOES EACH INPUT JACK DO IN THE MAINS SECTION? Both the xlr and ¼ inch plugs allow an output signal to be sent to a left, right, center sound configuration.

(Question): WHAT DOES EACH INPUT JACK DO IN THE MAIN INSERTS SECTION? Allows signal sent out of the main sections to a processor of some sort to be returned to the main mix after processing

(Question): WHAT DOES EACH INPUT JACK DO IN THE SUBS SECTION? Allows outputs from each sub section fader to be directly sent to a processor or to an external amp or mix.

(Question): WHAT DOES EACH INPUT JACK DO IN THE SUB INSERTS SECTION? Allows the output of the sub sections output fader to be returned from an effect device to the mixer to be used in the main mix

(Question): WHAT DOES EACH INPUT JACK DO IN THE AUXS SECTION? Each aux output jack allows signal from each aux send to be sent to an external processor

(Question): WHAT DOES EACH INPUT JACK DO IN THE RETURNS SECTION? Returns allow any externally processed signal to be returned to the aux, or channel after is has bee processed.

(Question): WHAT DOES EACH INPUT JACK DO IN THE CHANNELS 1-32 SECTION? The various types of input jacks allow for different device plugs to attach to a channel. ¼ inch, xlr, i/o insert, send/return.

(Question): WHAT DOES EACH INPUT JACK DO IN THE CHANNELS 33-35 SECTION?

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 1 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? Shows the db levels of each sub fader, and the left, righ, center of the main mix

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 2 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? Aux Send knobs allow master control of the aux levels sent out of the board to external processing

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 3 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? Aux returns adjust the return signal of external processing to the subs assigned

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 4 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? Aux assign buttons to send external returned signal to mix subs

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 5 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? PFL is the level control to hear pre fade listen volumes, and shift form mix to PFL in the headphone output.

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 6 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? This knob adjust the headphone volume

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 7 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? Adjust the amount of pan that each sub master send to the main mix

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 8 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? Sub group assign buttons send the signal to the Left, or right, or center faders of the main mix.

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 9 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? Sub group faders send a group signal to the main mix.

(Question): WHAT DOES The number 10 LABELED KNOB, BUTTON OR FADER DO? Main Faders send the main mix signal out of the mixing board.

What is #1 in the Picture and what is this MIX/MATRIX encoders


What is #1 in the Picture and what does it do? When an input channel is selected
 This adjusts the send level of the signal sent from that channel to the MIX/MATRIX buses.

What is #2 in the Picture and what is this HA encoder

What is #2 in the Picture and what does it do? Adjusts the head amp gain of an input channel.

What is #3 in the Picture and what is this PAN encoder

What is #3 in the Picture and what does it do? When an input channel is selected
 This adjusts the panning of the signal that is sent from the selected channel to the L/R channels (or L/C/R channels) of the STEREO bus.

What is #4 in the Picture and what is this DYNAMICS 1 encoder

What is #4 in the Picture and what does it do? When an input channel is selected
 Adjusts the THRESHOLD parameter of the gate, etc.

What is #5 in the Picture and what is this DYNAMICS 2 encoder


What is #5 in the Picture and what does it do? When an input channel is selected
 Adjusts the THRESHOLD parameter of the compressor, etc.

What is #6 in the Picture and what is this? HPF encoder


What is #6 in the Picture and what does it do? Adjusts the HPF cutoff frequency for an input channel.

What is #7 in the Picture and what is this EQ FREQUENCY encoders

What is #7 in the Picture and what does it do? For each band of the four-band EQ, these adjust the center frequency (cutoff frequency), and gain.