Vocabulary Review 14 Words Unit 2 “Cells & Viruses” Vocabulary Review 14 Words

Prokaryote Microscopic, unicellular organism without a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.

Organism with a nucleus and organelles Eukaryote Organism with a nucleus and organelles

Nucleus In eukaryotic cells, the central membrane-bound organelle that manages cellular functions and contains DNA.

Manufactures proteins. Ribosome Manufactures proteins.

Endoplasmic Reticulum Highly folded membrane system in eukaryotic cells that is the site for protein and lipid synthesis and transports substances throughout cell.

Golgi Apparatus Flattened stack of tubular membranes that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins into vesicles and transports them to other organelles or out of the cell.

Vacuole Membrane-bound vesicle for temporary storage of materials such as food, enzymes, and waste.

Lysosome Vesicle that uses enzymes to digest excess or worn-out cellular substance and food.

Mitochondria Membrane-bound organelle that converts fuel (food) into energy (ATP) that is available to the rest of the cell.

Chloroplast Double-membrane organelle that captures light energy and converts it to chemical energy through photosynthesis.

Cell Wall In plants, (& bacteria & fungi) the rigid barrier that surrounds the outside of the cell membrane, is made of cellulose (chitin), and provides support and protection to the cell.

Plasma (Cell) Membrane Flexible, selectively permeable boundary that helps control what enters and leaves the cell.

Virus Nonliving strand of genetic material that cannot replicate on its own, has a nucleic acid core, a protein coat, and can invade cells and alter cellular function.

Capsid Outer protein layer/coat that surrounds the genetic material of a virus.

The End