How Do Meteorologists Predict Weather? Weather Patterns Table of Contents 6.4 Storms How Do Meteorologists Predict Weather? Ms. De Los Rios 6th Grade

Vocabulary 6.4 Storm- A violent disturbance in the atmosphere. Thunderstorm- A small storm often accompanied by heavy precipitation and frequent thunder and lighting. Lightning- A sudden spark, or energy discharge, caused when electrical charges jump between parts of a cloud, between nearby clouds, or between a cloud and the ground. Hurricane- A tropical storm that has winds of about 119 km per hour or higher. Storm Surge- A “dome” of water that sweeps across the coast where a hurricane lands. Tornado- a rapidly whirling, funnel-shaped cloud that reaches down to touch Earth’s surface.

How Do the Different Types of Storms Form? Pg. 209 A storm is a violent disturbance in the atmosphere. Storms involve sudden changes in air pressure, which cause rapid air movements. Types of severe storms: Winter storms, thunderstorms, hurricanes, and tornadoes Winter Storms In Fl, (little snow), but in northern U.S. has large precipitation of snow. Winter storms involve snow. All year round, most precipitation begins in clouds as snow. If the air is colder than 0ºC all the way to the ground, the precipitation falls as snow.

Storms Lake-Effect Snow As cold, dry air moves across the warmer water, it becomes more humid as water vapor evaporates from the lake surface. When the air reaches land and cools, lake-effect snow falls. Which cities receive lake-effect snow?

How Do the Different Types of Storms Form? Pg. 210 Thunderstorms A thunderstorm is a small storm often accompanied by heavy precipitation and frequent thunder and lightning. pg. 211 cause of thunder Lightning is a sudden spark, or electrical discharge, that jumps between parts of a cloud, between nearby clouds, or between a cloud and the ground. Did you know how a fulgurite is form? Thunderstorms form in large cumulonimbus clouds, also known as thunderheads. Read fig. 2

How Thunderstorms Form A thunderstorm forms when warm, humid air rises rapidly within a cumulonimbus cloud. What is indicated by the blue and red arrows?

Thunderstorm Damage pg. 211 river/stream banks overflow Flood low-lying areas Urban areas, ground is saturated causing floods in streets, parking lots, and residential areas. Lightning can strike the ground/trees and start fires. Lightning strikes can hurt people of animals

How Do the Different Types of Storms Form? Pg. 212 Hurricanes A hurricane is a tropical cyclone with winds of 119 km/h or higher. They form in: Atlantic=Hurricanes Pacific= Typhoons Indian oceans= Cyclones A hurricane begins over warm ocean water as a low-pressure area, or tropical disturbance. Read fig. 4 Tropical disturbance tropical storm Hurricane The low pressure and winds of a hurricane can cause storm surge, a “dome” of water that sweeps across the coast where the hurricane lands.

Storms Hurricane Where is the eye of the hurricane? Where are the strong and weak areas?

Hurricane strength is ranked on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. Storms Hurricane strength is ranked on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. Hurricane Damage: Flooding Beach erosion Storm surge destroy buildings Erode coastlines

How Do the Different Types of Storms Form? Pg. 209 Tornadoes A tornado is a rapidly whirling, funnel-shaped cloud that reaches down from a thunderstorm to touch Earth’s surface. Tornadoes most commonly develop in thick cumulonimbus clouds—the same clouds that bring thunderstorms. Cumulonimbus clouds form on hot humid afternoons/evenings when warm air is forced upward along a cold front.

Storms Types of Tornado Damage

Storms Tornado Formation About 1,200 tornadoes occur in the United States every year. Weather patterns on the Great Plains result in a “tornado alley.” Key

Air Masses and Their Movements Types of Fronts What type of weather is brought by each front?

Air Masses and Their Movements Cyclones and Anticyclones Which image is a cyclone and which is an anticyclone? What is the air motion direction of each?