Ecology Test Study Guide

The study of interactions among organisms and their environment. 1. What is Ecology? The study of interactions among organisms and their environment.

2. The place a plant or animal lives in Habitat

3. The adaptations and strategies a species uses in its environment is called_________. Niche

the living or have lived organisms in an environment. 4. Biotic is the living or have lived organisms in an environment.

the nonliving parts of an organisms environment. 5. Abiotic is the nonliving parts of an organisms environment.

6. The five level of organizations are Species/Organism, population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere/biome

7. A ____________________________ is a simple way of showing how energy, in the form of food, passes from one organism to another. food chain

8. A series of overlapping food chains is called a ________________________. food web

9. In a symbiotic relationship, the __________________is usually the larger of the two organisms while the ____________________is the smaller of the two organisms. host symbiont

10. _______________ are organisms that eat only plants 10. _______________ are organisms that eat only plants. Organisms that eat only meat are called____________________. __________________ are organisms that eat both plant and animals. Herbivores carnivores Omnivores

Parasitism 11._________________________ is a relationship where the symbiont lives in/on the host The symbiont benefits and the host is harmed. Parasitism

12. _________________________ is a relationship between the host and a symbiont, where both organisms benefit and neither is harmed. The relationship can be long or short term. Mutualism

13. __________________________is a relationship between the host and symbiont, where the symbiont benefits and the host is neither helped nor harmed. The symbiont benefits by receiving transportation, housing, and/or nutrition. Commensalism

14. Any factors (things) that affect an organisms ability to survive in its environment is called LIMITING FACTORS

15. Use complete sentences to describe competition 15. Use complete sentences to describe competition. Include examples in your description. member of species competing for resources especially for limited resources. EX: Lions and tigers have the same prey. Trees that grow very close together vie for sunlight and soil.

16. Symbiosis mean? Give the examples of the types of symbiosis. Living together and the interaction between 2 different organisms living together. 1.Mutualism 2.Commensalism 3. Parasitism

Predator hunts and kills. Prey is hunted and killed. 17. What is predation? Predator hunts and kills. Prey is hunted and killed.

18. What is the second level of organization? Give the definition. Population- a group of organisms all of the same species, that live in the same place at the same time.

19. The picture below is an example of a _____________________. food chain

20. The picture below is an example of a_____________________. food web

21. What is a community? Give an example. All the populations of different species that live in the same place at the same time. Ex.- zebras, giraffes, lions, etc all living in the same area.

What is a ecosystem? Give an example. Populations of plants and animals that interact with each other in a given area with the abiotic components of that area. Ex. Aquatic and terrestrial.

23. PLACE THE FOLLOWING TERMS IN ORDER FROM THE SIMPLEST TO THE MOST COMPLEX. POPULATION, SPECIES, BIOME, ECOSYSTEM, BIOSPHERE, AND COMMUNITY SPECIES POPULATION COMMUNITY ECOSYSTEM BIOME BIOSPHERE

What does biosphere mean? The portion of Earth that supports life.

List three types of biomes. What is a biome? *Write down three types. *Biome is ecosystems with similar rainfall, temperature, and water depth.

PLEASE ADD TO YOUR STUDY GUIDE! BE SURE YOU ARE ABLE TO LABEL THE FOOD ENERGY PYRAMID.

Also, add this to your notes. Primary producers are “organisms capable of producing their own food” through photosynthesis (light energy). Herbivores: animals that eat only plants Carnivores: animals that eat only other animals Omnivores: animals that eat animals and plants Detritivores: animals that eat dead materials and organic wastes

Other Ways to Classify Consumers Primary Consumers: Herbivores Secondary Consumers: Carnivores that eat herbivores Tertiary Consumers: Carnivores that eat other carnivores