What do these have in common?

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Presentation transcript:

What do these have in common?

Cells! All living organisms have cells Cells are the smallest unit of life

Cells Characteristics of living things: Making energy Respiration Reproduction Making proteins Getting rid of waste

Parts or organelles Animal cells Plant cells Cell/plasma membrane Cytoplasm Nucleus Mitochondria Vacuole Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Plant cells Cell/plasma membrane Cytoplasm Nucleus Cell wall Mitochondria Vacuole Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Chloroplasts

Plasma membrane Surrounds and protects cell Allows entry and exit of substances

Cytoplasm Takes up most of the cell Gel-like Transportation Holds organelles in place

Nucleus Contains chromosomes and genes Growth and reproduction

Vacuole Storage of nutrients Storage of waste Water storage Larger in the plant cell

Endoplasmic Reticulum Folded membrane that forms a series of canals Protein production

Golgi Apparatus Cellular transport Folded membrane that forms a series of canals Cellular transport

Mitochondria Absorbs nutrients to produce energy Cellular respiration

Lysosomes break down waste materials The “stomach” of the cell

Cell Wall ONLY IN PLANTS Made of cellulose Surrounds cell membrane Cell support and structure Gives cell rigid shape

Chloroplast ONLY in plants For Photosynthesis Contains chlorophyll

Microscopes Many of the details of the cells have only been discovered since the discovery of the microscope Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (1632— 1723) Robert Hooke (1635—1703) Marcello Malpighi (1628—1694)

Microscope

Eyepiece Part you look through Magnifies image 10x

Body Eye piece and objective lens

Revolving Nosepiece Holds the objective lenses Rotates so you can have different views of specimen

Objective Lenses Magnifies specimen Magnifying lens must be multiplied by eyepiece to get total magnification Ex. 10x (eye piece) X 4x (objective lens) = 40x magnification

Stage Holds the slide Allows light to pass through slide

Stage Clips Hold slide in place

Condenser Directs light towards specimen

Light Source Illuminates specimen

Pointer Points to specimen Line you see when you look eyepiece

Arm Connects base to body

Coarse-Focus Knob Brings image into focus

Fine-Focus Knob Brings the image into fine focus Used after the coarse-focus knob

Base The base supports the microscope