Chemical Names and Formulas EQ: What is the systematic way of naming chemical compounds?

Writing Formulas for Binary Ionic Compounds Write the symbol for the cation, then write the symbol for the anion. Add whatever subscripts are needed to balance the charges. For EXAMPLE: Cation: Fe3+ Anion: O2- Formula: Fe3+ O2- Fe2O3

Naming Binary Ionic Compounds A binary compound is composed of two elements and can be either ionic or molecular. If you know the formula for a binary ionic compound, you can write its name. To name any binary ionic compound, place the cation name first, followed by the anion name (and REMEMBER to add the –ide ending)

Practice Naming Binary Ionic Compounds NaBr KI LiCl CaO MgCl2 sodium bromide potassium iodide lithium chloride calcium oxide magnesium chloride

What about transition metals? Remember Fe2O3? The charges of the cations of many transition metal ions must be determined from the number of electrons lost. For example, iron forms two common cations, Fe2+ (two electrons are lost) and Fe3+ (three electrons are lost). When naming the cation of a transition metal, a roman numeral (which corresponds to the oxidation number) is placed after the element. Fe2O3 is named Iron(III) oxide, because the iron in this compound is Fe3+

Let’s try it? Table 9.2 on page 255 is very helpful!!! CuO PbBr4 CoCl2 Tin (II) oxide Copper (II) oxide Lead (IV) bromide Cobalt (II) chloride SnO

Polyatomic Ions EQ: What are polyatomic ions and how do we name them?

Polyatomic Ions Polyatomic ions are ions composed of more than one atom. They behave as a unit and carry a charge. Table 9.3 page 257 “Common Polyatomic Ions”

Naming of Polyatomic Ions The names of polyatomic ions end in –ite or –ate. -ite -ate Sulfite, SO32- Nitrite, NO2- Chlorite, ClO2- Sulfate, SO42- Nitrate, NO3- Chlorate, ClO3-

Practice with Polyatomic Ions Potassium + carbonate Aluminum + carbonate K2CO3 potassium carbonate Al2(CO3)3 aluminum carbonate

Covalent Compounds EQ: How do we name covalent compounds?

Dihydrogen Monoxide What are the dangers associated with dihydrogen monoxide? Death due to accidental inhalation of DHMO, even in small quantities. Prolonged exposure to solid DHMO causes severe tissue damage. Excessive ingestion produces a number of unpleasant though not typically life-threatening side-effects. DHMO is a major component of acid rain. Gaseous DHMO can cause severe burns. Contributes to soil erosion. Leads to corrosion and oxidation of many metals. Contamination of electrical systems often causes short-circuits. Exposure decreases effectiveness of automobile brakes. Found in biopsies of pre-cancerous tumors and lesions. Given to vicious dogs involved in recent deadly attacks.

Dihydrogen Monoxide What are some of the uses of dihydrogen monoxide? in nuclear power plants, by the U.S. Navy in the propulsion systems of some older vessels, by elite athletes to improve performance, in the production of Styrofoam, in biological and chemical weapons manufacture, in the development of genetically engineering crops and animals, as a spray-on fire suppressant and retardant, in cult rituals, historically, in Hitler's death camps in Nazi Germany, and in prisons in Turkey, Serbia, Croatia, Libya, Iraq and Iran, in World War II prison camps in Japan, and in prisons in China, for various forms of torture, by many terrorist organizations including al Quaeda, in community swimming pools to maintain chemical balance, in day care centers, purportedly for sanitary purposes, in animal research laboratories, and in pesticide production and distribution.

Dihydrogen Monoxide H2O WATER Do you think we should continue the use of dihydrogen monoxide, or ban it? What is dihydrogen monoxide? H2O WATER

Naming Binary Molecular Compounds Review: Binary Ionic Compounds are composed of the ions of two elements, a metal and a nonmetal. Binary Molecular Compounds are composed of two elements , both nonmetals and are NOT ions. Think covalent bond!!!

Binary Molecular Compounds Table 9.4 page 269 A prefix in the name of a binary molecular compound tells how many atoms of an element are present in each molecule of the compound Remember the suffix or ending is still –ide. Prefixes Used in Naming Binary Molecular Compounds Prefix Mono- Di- Tri- Tetra- Penta- Hexa- Hepta- Octa- Nona- Deca- Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Lets practice? NCl3 CO2 CO N2H4 Dinitrogen trioxide Dichlorine heptoxide Nitrogen trichloride Carbon dioxide Carbon monoxide Dinitrogen tetrahydride N2O3 Cl2O7

Molecular Compound Contains Prefixes? Ionic Compound Group A Elements Use prefixes to write formula Yes No Ionic Compound Group A Elements Use periodic table +1,+2,+3… -3, -2, -1 Roman Numerals Give charges for cations. Polyatomic ions Use Polyatomic ion chart Balance Charges Use crisscross method.

REVIEW An –ide ending generally indicates a binary compound. An –ite or –ate ending means a polyatomic ions that includes oxygen in the formula. Prefixes in a name generally indicate that the compound is molecular (covalently bonded). A Roman numeral after the name of a cation shows the ionic charge of the cation (for transition metals… except Ag ,Zn,Cd).