The wrapping method using biodegradable felt strips has a preventive effect on the thinning of the aortic wall: Experimental study in the canine aorta

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The wrapping method using biodegradable felt strips has a preventive effect on the thinning of the aortic wall: Experimental study in the canine aorta Hidenori Fujiwara, MD, Katsuhiko Oda, MD, Yoshikatsu Saiki, MD, Naoya Sakamoto, PhD, Toshiro Ohashi, PhD, Masaaki Sato, PhD, Yasuhiko Tabata, PhD, DmedSc, D.Pharm, Koichi Tabayashi, MD Journal of Vascular Surgery Volume 43, Issue 2, Pages 349-356 (February 2006) DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2005.09.044 Copyright © 2006 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 A, A schematic drawing of aorta wrapped with the felt strip. The aorta was wrapped at two sites, 4th and 8th intercostal space level. The width of the felt strip was 15 mm, and the length of the felt strip was 1 mm longer than the circumference of the wrapped site. B, A schematic drawing of the cross section of the aorta. The cross-sectional area of the media (Am) and the outer (Do) and the inner (Di) circumference of the media were measured. These values were used to calculate the mean thickness of the media in each section. To calculate the adventitia-media ratio, the cross-sectional area of the adventitia (Aa) was measured. C, A schematic diagram of the tensile testing apparatus used for the longitudinal extension of the aortic specimens. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2006 43, 349-356DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2005.09.044) Copyright © 2006 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 A to D, Histologic sections of the aortic wall at the wrapped site after a 3-month interval (original magnification ×40, elastica-Masson staining; scale bar, 200 μm) Nonwrapped site (A), the site wrapped by polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) felt (B), polyglycol acid (PGA) felt (C), and PGA felt with 100 μg basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) (D) (M, media, AD, adventitia). E, The thickness of the media at the wrapped site after 3-month intervals. The thickness of the media was expressed as the percentage of control. F, The adventitia-media ratio (AMR) at the wrapped site after the 3-month interval was calculated by the relationship AMR = Aa/Am, where Aa is the cross sectional area of the adventitia and Am is the cross sectional area of the media. G, The collagen-smooth muscle ratio in the media at the wrapped site after 3-month intervals. The collagen-smooth muscle ratio of PTFE group was significantly higher than that of the control. Data in E, F, and G are shown as mean ± SEM. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2006 43, 349-356DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2005.09.044) Copyright © 2006 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 A to D, Immunohistochemical staining of aortic wall sections at the wrapped site after the 3-month interval using antifactor VIII antibody. Micrographs (original magnification Å100; scale bar, 100 μm) show new vessels in the adventitia of the aortic wall. Control group (A), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) felt group (B), polyglycol acid (PGA) felt group (C), and PGA felt with 100 μg basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) group (D). In the PGA felt with bFGF group, angiogenesis was accelerated. E, The vessel density in the adventitia at the wrapped site after the 3-month interval expressed as the number of vessels per mm2. In the PGA with bFGF group, a significantly larger number of vessels were seen in the adventitia. Data are shown as mean ± SEM. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2006 43, 349-356DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2005.09.044) Copyright © 2006 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 A. The failure force of the aortic wall at the wrapped site after the 3-month interval. The failure force of the group with polyglycol acid (PGA) with basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was significantly larger than those of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and the control groups. B, The failure stress of the aortic wall at the wrapped site after the 3-month interval. No significant differences in stress failure were seen between the PTFE and control groups. The failure stress of the PTFE group was significantly lower than those of PGA with and without bFGF groups. Data for A and B are shown as mean ± SEM. Journal of Vascular Surgery 2006 43, 349-356DOI: (10.1016/j.jvs.2005.09.044) Copyright © 2006 The Society for Vascular Surgery Terms and Conditions