Fall of the Soviet Union

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Presentation transcript:

Fall of the Soviet Union

Mikhal Gorbachev 1985- reform minded leader Policies failed, weakening USSR and leading to its collapse

Glasnost Openness Intended to create a free flow of ideas so that society and the economy would grow Stark contrast to past Soviet leaders

Perestroika Economic Restructuring 1986 changes to revive the economy Small private business created and local managers gained control over farms and factories Intended to make their economic system more efficient and productive

Berlin Wall Falls November 1989 East Germans were not happy with communism Calls to remove the wall Berliners begin to tear down the wall 1991 East and west Germany are reunited as one Symbolic for the collapse of communism

Ronald Reagan United States President “Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!” Pushed hard to end communism

Internal Turmoil Ethnic Tensions August Coup Tensions grew within Russia Nationalists wanted independence 1990 Lithuania declared independence August Coup 1991 Hardliners in government attempted coup and detained Gorbachev Soldiers refused to attack protesters coup failed

Commonwealth of Independence Communism collapsed in Russia Estonia and Latvia declared independence December 15 independent republics Federation of Soviet territories (CIS)