Oral Azole Antifungal Medications and Risk of Acute Liver Injury, Overall and by Chronic Liver Disease Status Vincent Lo Re, MD, MSCE, Dena M. Carbonari,

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Oral Azole Antifungal Medications and Risk of Acute Liver Injury, Overall and by Chronic Liver Disease Status Vincent Lo Re, MD, MSCE, Dena M. Carbonari, MS, James D. Lewis, MD, MSCE, Kimberly A. Forde, MD, MHS, David S. Goldberg, MD, MSCE, K. Rajender Reddy, MD, Kevin Haynes, PharmD, MSCE, Jason A. Roy, PhD, Daohang Sha, PhD, Amy R. Marks, MPH, Jennifer L. Schneider, MPH, Brian L. Strom, MD, MPH, Douglas A. Corley, MD, PhD The American Journal of Medicine Volume 129, Issue 3, Pages 283-291.e5 (March 2016) DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.10.029 Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure Selection of patients for the study. *Azole antifungal agents of interest include ketoconazole, itraconazole, fluconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole. †Index date defined as earliest qualifying date an oral antifungal drug was dispensed in an outpatient setting on or after January 1, 2004. ‡Severe acute liver injury defined by inpatient or outpatient international normalized ratio ≥1.5 (in the absence of anticoagulation therapy) and serum total bilirubin >2 times upper limit of normal, with both abnormalities recorded within 30 days of each other. KPNC = Kaiser Permanente Northern California. The American Journal of Medicine 2016 129, 283-291.e5DOI: (10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.10.029) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions