Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2017.139 Figure 1 Balance of risks and benefits of medical versus surgical therapy in Crohn's disease Figure 1 | Balance of risks and benefits of medical versus surgical therapy in Crohn's disease. Risk stratification can be divided into four tiers and, in deciding on either a medical or a surgical approach for patients with Crohn's disease, these risks should be carefully evaluated and balanced with the advantages and disadvantages of medical and surgical therapy. Shen, B. (2017) Step‑up vs top-down therapy for Crohn’s disease: medicine vs surgery Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2017.139