Finding Support Material

Firsthand accounts or direct evidence of events, objects or people Primary Sources Firsthand accounts or direct evidence of events, objects or people Includes: Eyewitness accounts Photos Autobiographies Interviews and observations

Analysis or commentary about thing not directly observed or created. Secondary Sources Analysis or commentary about thing not directly observed or created. Includes: Articles about events Analysis of literature and film News articles about a past event

You should still make sure the author is credible. Books You should still make sure the author is credible. Good places to find books: *Your public library (or college library) http://pamug.iii.com/search~S9 *Google Books: https://books.google.com

Other sources Periodicals: published magazines or journals TSCT Library Online Database: http://stevenscollege.edu/campus- life/learning-resources-center/online-resources/ Government publications: USA.gov https://www.bls.gov/ooh/ Digital collections: archive.org Library of Congress: Digital collection— https://www.loc.gov/collections/

Reference Works Encyclopedias: good for overviews, but not considered a scholarly source. It is a jumping off point. Almanacs: Good to get up-to-date facts about the world Biographical Resources: Like encyclopedias but focused Book of quotations or poetry collections: Can be good to find good lines for intros or conclusions Atlases: Collection of maps, texts, and accompanying charts and tables

Trustworthiness Information: interpretation of data in accurate ways Propaganda: information represented in such a way to provoke a response Misinformation: something that is not true, like urban legends Disinformation: deliberate falsification of information

Evaluating websites Credibility Accuracy Reasonableness Support

Citing Information In-text Citation: credits the source material Should include: the author or origin of source, page number, the type of source, the title, and the date. *They are in order of importance. The minimum for MLA formatting is author’s last name and page number. Examples: According to Edward Said in this book, Orientalism, “The inter change between the academic and the more or less imaginative meaning of Orientalism is a constant one, and since the late eighteenth century there has been a considerable, quite disciplined-perhaps even regulated-traffic between the two” (11). “The inter change between the academic and the more or less imaginative meaning of Orientalism is a constant one, and since the late eighteenth century there has been a considerable, quite disciplined-perhaps even regulated-traffic between the two” (Said 11).

Establish Source’s Trustworthiness Source reliability: our level of trust toward credentials and track record Source Qualifier: a brief description of the source’s qualifications to address the topic

More with in-text citations Vary the wording: According to... Dr. Brown states In Zadie Smith’s Swingtime, published in 2016, Smith, a well-known writer... Lead with the claim: Point—citation—analysis Example: Popular film often captures stereotypes of Middle Eastern people as violent or exotic. This is something Edward Said, one of the leading scholars of post-colonial studies, would call Othering, as noted in his 1978 work, Orientalism. These movies represent a continuation of perception that Western civilization sets the stage for what the norm is.

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