Investigating Matter Chapter 1.2

Matter Anything that has MASS and VOLUME MASS – the amount of matter in a substance or object VOLUME – the amount of space a substance or an object occupies Light fixture is made of “stuff” Beam of light is energy and NOT made of “stuff”

Matter Made up of elements each of which: contain only one kind of matter cannot be broken down or separated into simpler substances

Properties of matter Physical Properties are characteristics of matter that are observed (seen, felt, etc.) or measured Chemical Properties are characteristics that can be observed when substances react with each other

Physical Properties State – solid, liquid or gas

Physical Properties Colour

Physical Properties Malleability – ability to be bent or beaten into sheets vs Metals - good Phosphorous – not so good....

Physical Properties Ductility – ability to be drawn into wires Sulphur – not exactly... Copper – yes!

Physical Properties Texture – appearance or feel of the surface

Physical Properties Magnetism – tendency to be attracted to a magnet

Physical Properties Lustre – degree to which the material reflects light (how “shiny” it is)

Physical Properties Solubility – ability to dissolve in water vs ................................................................................................................................................ ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... vs ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Physical Properties Conductivity – ability to conduct electricity or heat

Physical Properties Viscosity – resistance to flow

Physical Properties Density – ratio of a material’s mass to its volume vs

Physical Properties Melting Point – temperature of melting/freezing 0 degrees Celsius 1535 degrees Celsius

Physical Properties Boiling point – temperature of boiling/condensing 100 degrees Celsius -183 degrees Celsius

Chemical properties Reactivity – degree to which the substance combines chemically with other substances (water, acid, other substances) vs

Chemical properties Combustibility – degree to which the substance burns (reacts with air or pure oxygen)

Chemical properties Toxicity – degree to which the substance reacts in the body to produce harmful substances (poison) He’s “mad as a hatter”!

Physical changes Involve a change of appearance, but NO NEW SUBSTANCES are formed

Chemical changes Occurs when substance recombine to form new substances