Pertussis Clinics in Laboratory Medicine Amy L. Leber, PhD, D(ABMM)  Clinics in Laboratory Medicine  Volume 34, Issue 2, Pages 237-255 (June 2014) DOI: 10.1016/j.cll.2014.02.003 Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Reported pertussis incidence (per 100,000 persons) by age group in the United States from 1990 to 2009. Infants younger than 6 months, who are at greatest risk for severe disease and death, continue to have the highest reported rate of pertussis, with a 60% increase in incidence observed between 2008 and 2009 (79.4/100,000 in 2008; 127/100,000 in 2009). Although adolescents (aged 11–19 years) and adults (aged >20 years) accounted for approximately 40% of reported cases in 2009, persons aged 7 to 10 years have contributed an increasing proportion of cases over the last several years (23% of cases in 2009, 23.5% of cases in 2008, 13% in 2007, 9% in 2006). (From Centers for Disease Control and Protection. Pertussis (whooping cough) surveillance and reporting. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/surv-reporting.html#trends. Accessed December 15, 2013.) Clinics in Laboratory Medicine 2014 34, 237-255DOI: (10.1016/j.cll.2014.02.003) Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Optimal timing for diagnostic testing for pertussis (scale in weeks). (From Centers for Disease Control and Protection. Pertussis (whooping cough) diagnosis confirmation. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/pertussis/clinical/diagnostic-testing/diagnosis-confirmation.html. Accessed December 20, 2013.) Clinics in Laboratory Medicine 2014 34, 237-255DOI: (10.1016/j.cll.2014.02.003) Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Number of confirmed pertussis cases, by confirmation method∗ (National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System and Supplemental Pertussis Surveillance System, United States, 1997 to 2005). ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. (From CDC. Outbreaks of Respiratory Illness Mistakenly Attributed to Pertussis–New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and Tennessee, 2004–2006. MMWR Recomm Rep 2007;56:837–42.) Clinics in Laboratory Medicine 2014 34, 237-255DOI: (10.1016/j.cll.2014.02.003) Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions