Reductionism

Reductionism In research (methodological reductionism) A reductionist strategy decomposes complex situations into a system of variables, each of which is operationally defined and capable of being manipulated independently of the others. Example: research into influences on jury decisions. In theorising (philosophical reductionism) A reductionist strategy explains phenomena in terms of the more fundamental elements of which they consist. Example: biochemical explanations of mental illness.

Methodological reductionism Arrange the classic studies from the most to the least reductionist. Write a comparison between the most and least reductionist studies. Identify arguments for and against using a reductionist strategy in research.

Methodological reductionism In favour of reductionism: Allows us to construct causal models from our research. Has led to useful applications e.g. in education, forensics, clinical psychology etc. Works well in other sciences. Against reductionism: Operational definitions do not capture psychological phenomena well. Studies have poor relationship with real world phenomena. Systemic relationships and processes are lost (the whole is more than the sum of its parts).

Philosophical reductionism Arrange the classic studies in terms of how reductionist their theoretical background is. Write a comparison between the most and least reductionist.

Philosophical reductionism Reading: philosophical reductionism in psychology

Agree or disagree? “Reductionism is an error. By dismantling things you destroy them.”