What were the Causes and Nature of the Industrial Revolution Global History & Geography 10th Grade Boys & Girls Br. Siraj December 7, 2018

Industrial Revolution It is a change during the middle of the 18th century in which production of goods shifted from using hand tools to using power-driven machines and from human and animal power to steam power Industrial revolution began in England

Pre-Cursor to Industrial Revolution Agrarian Revolution: Moved people away from rural life A change in the method of farming Three-field crop rotation New Technology Dikes to protect farm land and fertilizer to improve fertility New horse driven steel plow – carruca Seed drill Enclosure Movement stripped small farmers of their land

Causes of Industrial Revolution Geography of England Plenty of coal and iron Many natural harbors Navigable rivers for transportation and power generation Close proximity to sea Availability of Human resources due to population explosion

Entrepreneurial ability of British People Availability of Technology Capital availability Overseas colonization generated money Entrepreneurial ability of British People Availability of Technology Science clubs in cities and towns spurred new innovation Availability of Raw Materials Colonies in America supplied raw materials Availability of Markets for Finished Products Colonies served as markets

Nature of the Industrial Revolution Textile Industry was the first to be affected by the Revolution Flying shuttle made weaving faster Spinning Jenny by James Hargreaves helped to spin threads faster and in larger quantity. Power Loom was invented by Edmund Cartwright James Watt improved the Steam Engine that was used to drive Machinery

Coal and Iron Industries Factory System Textile industry turned into a factory system from Cottage Industry In the factory system many humans and machines are put together for mass production Coal and Iron Industries Coal was used as fuel for Steam Engines Mass production of Coal began Iron ore was purified by a process called puddling

railroads Iron, coal and steam engine helped begin the railroads. First locomotive was introduced in 1804

Spread of Industrial Revolution Britain carefully guarded its innovations from being spread to other countries However it gradually spread to Belgium, France and Germany. It was stolen to America by a British engineer.

Homework Questions 1, 2, and 3 on page 588