Intermolecular Forces Attractive forces that hold together multiple particles can hold together identical particles (Ex: water molecules attached to other water molecules) can hold together different particles (Ex: cellulose in paper) 4 Types of IMF (weakest to strongest)

London Dispersion Forces Attractive force that occurs between two adjacent particles that have a temporary or instantaneous dipole moment dipole: occurs when the electrons position themselves on the same side of a particle creating a slightly negative end and a slightly positive end Easier to occur with low temperatures and large particles

London Dispersion Forces Found most commonly in: Nonpolar covalent compounds (Ex: BH3) Single atoms/elements (Ex: Ag) Diatomics (Ex: Br)

Dipole-Dipole Force Attraction between two adjacent polar molecules (has to be a covalent compound) Created when the slightly + end of one molecule is attracted to the slightly – end of the other molecule Ex: HCl

Hydrogen Bond Specialized dipole-dipole the occurs between two FON (fluorine, oxygen, and nitrogen) molecules Ex: Water

Ion – Ion (Ionic) Attraction between two adjacent ionic compounds where the positive end of one compound is attracting the negative end of another Ex: NaCl

London Dispersion Dipole – Dipole Hydrogen Ionic MgCl2 H2 H2S HF BeH2 Li2CO3 Rn