Unit 5: American Nationalism. - Early Industry: Transportation Unit 5: American Nationalism - Early Industry: Transportation & Industry Unit 5

Bell Ringer: Instead of working on the farm or at sea, where did Americans head to work? Started moving to the….

Transportation At the start of the 1800s how did people travel over land? carts wagons stagecoaches horses dirt roads (slow and expensive)

Transportation Cumberland (National) Road extended from Maryland to the Ohio River in 1818. 1st Federal highway.

Transportation Canals Mostly in the Northeast, provided efficient water transportation Erie Canal ran from Lake Erie to the Hudson River Helped to make NYC a major commerce center

Transportation Steamboat Invented by Robert Fulton, The Clermont was the first important for travel on rivers and across the ocean Easier to travel up current (a trip that took 4 months before the steamboat took 20 days in 1820, and just 6 days by 1838)

Transportation Railroads (aka Iron Horse) Why? Horses pulled 1st American trains Benefits: Carry heavier loads Cost less than canals Move faster Helps settle West (a journey that took 28 days by boat took only 2 days by train by 1857) 1830- 13 miles of track 1860- 31,000 miles of track

Industry Industrial Revolution Technology Sparks Growth Developments in technology also transformed manufacturing Industrial Revolution switch to using machines as main mode of production rapid change in the economy –changed the economy, culture, and politics

Industry Sewing Machine (1845) Elias Howe and Isaac Singer lowered cost and improved speed of turning cloth into clothing

Industry Factory Work The working lives of Americans changed The work done by machines allowed employers to hire unskilled workers at lower wages

Industry Lowell Mills Francis Cabot Lowell developed an new industrial system in Massachusetts Established a new town called Lowell and employed young, single women Lowell Girls lived in closely supervised boarding houses Worked 14 hours a day, 6 days a week

Sectional Differences Industrialization mostly occurred in the…. Northeast factors that contributed to industrialization in the NE: capital ($) cheap labor fast-flowing rivers

Sectional Differences The arrival of industry hurt skilled workers who could not compete with low cost laborers, The workers responded by seeking political change They began to form labor unions (groups of workers who unite to seek better pay and conditions)

Sectional Differences In the South, agriculture and slavery remain the basis of the economy 3 developments helped boost cotton production: cotton gin westward expansion (FL, TN, AL, MS, TX) industrialization

Exit Ticket: Which new system of transportation do you think made the biggest impact on the United States? Cumberland National Road (interstate roads) The Clermont (steamboats) Erie Canal (canals) Iron Horse (trains & railroads)

https://www.history.com/topics/ war-of-1812/war-of-1812 Finish War of 1812 WebQuest https://www.history.com/topics/ war-of-1812/war-of-1812