The atmosphere supporting life By Yousef Al Shaikh Ahmed Al Essa Naser Al Shuqaihi Yousif Al Otaibi

The Atmosphere Atmosphere: The whole layer of air that surrounds the earth. The atmosphere protects life. The atmosphere is important for life. It is very thin.

The thinness of the atmosphere If the earth was to be a peach, the atmosphere would be less thicker than a peach fuzz. Air is a mixture of gases.

The thinness of the atmosphere Altitude: The distance above sea level. The air becomes thinner as they go higher in altitude.

Density & percentage of gases Density: The amount of given volume of a substance. The thinness/thickness of the atmosphere is measured by its density.

Density & percentage of gases The atmosphere also has a huge a percentage of gases in it. 78% of the air is nitrogen. 21% of it is oxygen. 1% of it are other gases including argon, and carbon dioxide.

Cycles Cycle: A process that repeats over and over again. Heres a list of symbols that represent cycles. Carbon Cycle- CO2 Nitrogen Cycle- N2 Water Cycle- H20

Sunlight & Reflection Two main things happen to the sunlight that reaches earth, some is reflected, or sent in a new direction. Most things you see today are reflected by light and sunlight, including windows, mirrors, metals, and crystals.

Reflection Some objects including striped shirts have bright parts that reflect more light and dark parts take more light. Most of the time, light reflects.

Radiation Radiation: The energy that travels across certain types of waves. One type of radiation is the light you can see.

Radiation Visible lights(lights you can see) and other types of radiation can be reflected or absorbed. 5% of solar energy is reflected by Earth's surface. 25% of solar energy is reflected by the clouds in our atmosphere. 20% of solar energy is absorbed by clouds and the atmosphere. 50% of solar energy is absorbed by Earth's Surface.

Radiation Most of the energy is absorbed by oceans, landforms, and living things. The energy absorbed heats Earth’s surface. Energy is absorbed by gas molecules, clouds, and dust particles and heats the atmosphere.

Radiation Radiation also transfers energy from sand to the air. Earth’s surface gives off a type of invisible radiation called infrared radiation.

Radiation Infrared radiation can be absorbed by certain gases. The energy from radiation warms the air, then the air gives off infrared radiation.

Conduction Another way for sand to warm up the air is during conduction. Conduction: The transfer of heat energy from one substance to another by direct contact. Earth’s surface transfers energy to the atmosphere by conduction.

Conduction Molecules of air can gain energy when the molecules in grains of hot sand collide. Air molecules bump each other, this causes energy to spread slowly.

Convection The heat energy that comes from below is moved up. When a hot/heated liquid or gas moves, it takes energy with it.

Convection When heated liquid moves it carries energy along with it. The heat energy that comes from below is moved up.

Temperature Layers The atmosphere has temperature layers. Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere