Making salts All Must: Be able to describe how to neutralise an acid

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Presentation transcript:

Making salts All Must: Be able to describe how to neutralise an acid Most Must: Write a word equation for neutralisation Some Must: Explain what salt is produced with hydrochloric acid

What is this and why is it used? Key Words Neutralisation Salt Copper sulphate What is this and why is it used?

acid + alkali salt + water Neutralisation What happens when you add a acid to an alkali? acid + alkali salt + water Acids react with alkalis to produce two neutral products.

A neutralisation reaction is where an acid reacts with a base to produce a neutral solution of a salt and water. sodium hydroxide pH 14 neutralisation sodium chloride pH 7 hydrochloric acid pH 1 1 2 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 Increasingly acid Increasingly alkali

Common Acids are: Name of acid Formula Sulphuric acid Hydrochloric Nitric acid Ethanoic (vinegar) H2SO4 HCl HNO3 CH3COOH

Common alkalis are: Name of alkali Formula Sodium Hydroxide Potassium Oxide Calcium Carbonates Ammonium Hydroxide NaOH KO CaO3 NH4OH

Sulphuric acid Nitric acid Sulphates Nitrates Hydrochloric acid Salts Sulphuric acid Nitric acid Sulphates Nitrates Hydrochloric acid Chlorides

All these are alkalis – that will neutralise an acid Type of compound Contain React with acids to give Metal Hydroxides Metal Oxides Metal Carbonates OH- water + a salt O2- water + a salt CO32- water + a salt + CO2

Naming salts 1 The first part of the name of the salt comes from the first name of the base (alkali) So Ammonium hydroxide gives ammonium ………… Magnesium oxide gives magnesium …………... 2 The acid gives the last part of the name of the salt. So Sulphuric acid make sulphates Nitric acid makes nitrates Hydrochloric acid makes chlorides Eg. Sodium hydroxide + nitric acid forms: Calcium carbonate + sulphuric acid forms: Sodium nitrate calcium sulphate

Practical with copper sulphate What is the acid in our practical? dilute sulphuric acid What is the alkali in our practical? Copper oxide What is the name of the salt? Copper sulphate

Practical making copper sulphate

Naming salts

Naming salts Hydrochloric acid + Sodium hydroxide  Sodium chloride water Lithium hydroxide ……………….. chloride Potassium hydroxide ……………….. ……………….. …………………

Naming salts Hydrochloric acid + potassium hydroxide  ……………….. ……………….. …………… Sulphuric acid Lithium hydroxide ……………….. sulphate Nitric acid

Plenary Tim and Moby Revision video

Key word bingo Salt Sodium chloride neutralisation Potassium nitrate alkali reaction water acid corrosive Lithium chloride Cleaning products pH scale Magnesium nitrate indicator