Critical Lenses Marxist Criticism.

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Marxist Literary Theory

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Presentation transcript:

Critical Lenses Marxist Criticism

Before we begin… Read the following quotes. Choose a side of the room depending on whether you agree or disagree with the quote. Be prepared to justify your position.

Before we begin… “The way people get their living determines their social outlook.” ― Karl Marx

Before we begin… “one must occasionally stand the world on its head in order to put it on its feet.” ― Henning Mankell

Before we begin… “The idea of capitalism is not just success but also the failure that allows success to happen.” -P. J. O'Rourke

Before we begin… “The reason this country continues its drift toward socialism and big nanny government is because too many people vote in the expectation of getting something for nothing, not because they have a concern for what is good for the country.” -Lyn Nofziger

Before we begin… “Socialism is a philosophy of failure, the creed of ignorance, and the gospel of envy, its inherent virtue is the equal sharing of misery.” -Winston Churchill

Before we begin… “Socialism values equality more than liberty.” -Dennis Prager

Before we begin… “Advocates of capitalism are very apt to appeal to the sacred principles of liberty, which are embodied in one maxim: The fortunate must not be restrained in the exercise of tyranny over the unfortunate.” -Bertrand Russell

Marxist Criticism the primary influence on life is economic understanding of class in terms of differing relations of production and as a particular position within such relations: proletariat/ working class vs. bourgeoisie/ capitalists class struggle structures each historical period and drives historical change Karl Marx (1818-1883)

Marxist Criticism sympathy for the proletariat—emphasis on oppression of lower class by upper class belief that the ultimate interests of workers best match those of humanity in general

Marxist Criticism Not limited to focus on labor and money

Marxist Criticism Questions a Marxist critic will ask: What is the economic situation of the characters? (level of luxury, need to work) What happens to them as a result of this status? How do they fare against economic and political odds? What social forces and institutions are represented in the work? What is the author’s attitude towards them?

Marxist Criticism Does the text reflect or resist a dominant ideology? Does it do both? Does the main character in a narrative affirm or resist bourgeois values? Whose story gets told in the text? Are lower economic groups ignored or devalued? Are values that support the dominant economic group given privilege? This can happen tacitly, in the way in which values are taken to be self-evident.