CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE Open this link to view a video on CHF

TREATMENT: Medications Restriction of fluids Life style changes SYMPTOMS: Edema Lung congestion Abdominal discomfort Shortness of Breath Fatigue TREATMENT: Medications Restriction of fluids Life style changes Monitor I&O Valve surgery COMPLICATIONS: Weakness Hypotension, arrhythmias Pulmonary edema Skin breakdown EMOTIONAL EFFECTS: Depression, Life Stress Pneumonia, Fear of Dying Loss of work, Poor sleep Intimacy changes CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE: HEART IS WEAK Right side=back up of blood into blood veins Left side=back up of blood into lungs

-Improve heart strength -Control the beat Common Medications Used What are they used for? -Treat angina -Treat hypertension -Improve heart strength -Control the beat Common Medications Used -Nitroglycerin: for angina -Digoxin: strengthen -Diuretics (water pills) Expected Effect of drug: -Lower B/P -Relieve pain -Improve function -Decrease fluid overload Possible side-effects: -Dizziness (Low B/P) -Loss of too much fluid -Kidney failure -Sun burn HEART MEDICATION: Monitor I&O Daily weights

ANTI-COAGULANT MEDICATIONS What are they used for? -Prevent clots>stroke or heart attack -Treat DVT Common Medication That is Used -Warfarin Expected Effect of drug: -Increase the time it takes for the blood to clot -Prevent stroke and heart attack Possible side-effects: -Bleeding -Fall risk > bleeding risk -Watch for nose bleeds, bruising, blood in urine: ANTI-COAGULANT MEDICATIONS

Open this link to view a video on Osteoarthritis

SYMPTOMS: Pain, worse in morning, Swollen & Stiff joints, Loss of function, Grating sound in joint, Usually on weight bearing joints TREATMENT: Pain medication, Acupuncture, Hot & cold applications, Exercise, PT, OT, Massage, Joint replacement surgery COMPLICATIONS: Disability, Falls, Immobility, Life stress,, Depression, Chronic pain, Isolation, Intimacy loss, Need help with ADLs EMOTIONAL EFFECTS: Loss of social contacts, Can’t get to church, Loss of intimacy and independence, Depression, Anger OSTEOARTHRITIS: Wear and tear from age, History of injury, Cartilage wears away, Joints become inflamed, Bone spurs develop, Loss of shock absorber effect

MEDICATIONS TO TREAT PAIN Why are they used? -Injury -Arthritis -Surgical pain -Cancer pain -Fever Common Medications Used -Acetaminophen, Ibuprofen (for mild pain) -Narcotics (for moderate to severe pain) Expected Effect of drug: -Decreased pain and inflammation -Lower fever -Improve comfort Possible side-effects: -Dizziness-falls -Overdose -Constipation -Over-sedation MEDICATIONS TO TREAT PAIN

Open this link to view a video on COPD CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE Open this link to view a video on COPD

COPD: Usually caused by smoking SYMPTOMS: Cough, Need to sit up to breath, Chest tightness, Shortness of breath, Fatigue, Cyanosis, Intolerant of activity TREATMENT: Oxygen, Stop smoking, Position upright, Medications, Inhalers, Pulmonary rehab COMPLICATIONS: Confusion, Falls, Pneumonia, Tachycardia, Lack of sleep, Muscle wasting, Inability to care for self, Clubbing of fingers EMOTIONAL EFFECTS: Depression, Anxiety, Frustration, Family stress, Fear of suffocation COPD: Usually caused by smoking Emphysema: air trapped in lungs, barrel chest Chronic Bronchitis: irritated bronchi, mucus forms

Breathing Medications What are they used for? -Improve breathing with COPD, Asthma -Decrease inflammation in lungs Common Medications Used -Inhalers -Nebulizer -Oral medications (steroids) Expected Effect of drug: -Improve comfort -Promote rest & sleep -Open air passageways Possible side-effects: -Shaking, nervousness -Sore mouth -Increased chance of infections Breathing Medications

Open this link to view a video on Diabetes

DIABETES: Pancreas does not produce insulin (Type 1) SYMPTOMS: Hunger, Thirst, Frequent urination, Drowsiness, Confusion, Shaking, Loss of consciousness TREATMENT: Injectable insulin, Oral medication, Planned diet, Scheduled meals & snacks, Regular exercise, Pancreas Transplant COMPLICATIONS: Heart disease, Blindness, High blood pressure, Kidney disease, Stroke, Atherosclerosis, Unstable blood sugar, Coma, Death EMOTIONAL EFECTS Depression, Anger, Feel deprived of diet choices, Social isolation, Feel self-conscious due to medication use and diet requirements DIABETES: Pancreas does not produce insulin (Type 1) Not enough or resistant insulin (Type 2)

DIABETIC MEDICATIONS What are they used for? -Replace insulin -Promote insulin production -Allow body to use food properly Common Medications Used -Insulin injections -Oral medications Expected Effect of drug: -Increase the amount of insulin in the body -Help the body use food properly Possible side-effects: -Too much insulin in blood -Affected by illness, exercise, food intake -Report intake changes! DIABETIC MEDICATIONS

Open this link to view a video on stroke

STROKE: Irregular heart beat causing a clot to the brain SYMPTOMS: Paralysis on one side of the body, Loss of feeling on one side, Aphasia, Dysphagia, Slurred speech, Loss of consciousness TREATMENT: Clot busting drugs, Surgery, Blood thinners, PT, OT, Speech Therapy, Rehabilitation, Range of Motion, Pace maker COMPLICATIONS: Aspiration pneumonia, Permanent disability, Unable to communicate, Pain syndromes, Vascular dementia EMOTIONAL EFFECTS: Financial loss, Depression, Frustration, Anger, Intimacy loss, Loss of Socialization, Feel you are a burden Dependency on others STROKE: Irregular heart beat causing a clot to the brain Ruptured blood vessel in the brain Birth control pills increase risk

Open this link to view a video on MS MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS Open this link to view a video on MS

SYMPTOMS: Tingling sensation, Dizziness, Paralysis, Loss of feeling, Loss of vision, Memory changes, Symptoms may come and go TREATMENT: Medications, Injections, Physical Therapy, Lower stress, Avoid heat, Natural remedies, Diet COMPLICATIONS: Falls, Immobility, Disability, Loss of ability to work, Swallow problems, Pneumonia, Medication side effects, Incontinence EMOTIONAL EFFECTS: Depression, Anger, Frustration, Stress from loss of income and self care abilities, Loss of social contact, Feel a burden MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (MS): Destruction of myelin sheath from body attacking nerves. Heredity may be factor Considered autoimmune disease