Marxism and Realism
Terms—Marxism & Realism Thomas Malthus—Essay on Population (1798) David Ricardo – Political Economy (1817) Utopian Socialists Robert Owen – New Lanark Karl Marx – The Communist Manifesto (1848) Bourgeoisie Proletariat Communism Charles Darwin Origin of the Species (1859) & The Descent of Man (1871) Natural Selection Social Darwinism
Adam Smith (Laissez-Faire)
Thomas Malthus (Essay on Population)
David Ricardo ( Political Economy)
Socialism Grew out of the Enlightenment faith in progress, its belief in the basic goodness of human nature & its concern for social justice Goal: a society that operated for the welfare of all the people
Robert Owen
New Lanark, Scotland
The Mills at New Lanark
Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels
The Communist Manifesto Economic Determinism—economics drives social and individual behavior Bourgeoisie—own and profit from wage labor. Have power. Proletariat—factory workers who sold their labor
Communism (per Marx) A new society based on social equality, community property and social cooperation. No ruling class and no class conflict
Charles Darwin
Realism Response to industrial and urban changes Attempt to represent the world as it was
Manet: Gare St. Lazare, 1873
Manet: A Bar at the Folies