Chapter 2 Section 1 Egypt.

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Presentation transcript:

Chapter 2 Section 1 Egypt

Nile ~ longest river in the world

Northern part (Delta)= Lower Egypt Southern part = Upper Egypt Floods each year enrich the soil, crops grown here made Egypt prosperous (rich). Nile also made transportation easy. Shows the flow rate of the Nile at different times at the year

Nile Continued The Nile had the largest influence on the development of Egyptian civilizations.

Unlike Mesopotamia, Egypt had geographic barriers that protected it from invasion. Deserts on to the East and West, Red Sea to the East, Mediterranean to N, rapids to the S. This gave them a sense of security.

Religion Religion gave Egyptian a sense of security. Polytheistic~ belief in many gods.

Gods Land Gods Osiris and Isis (married) Rebirth or resurrection Sun Gods~ “Source of life” Atum ----Re

Kingdoms Old, Middle and New Kingdoms Chaos and periods of upheaval in between these kingdoms

Menes~ created the first royal dynasty Dynasty = family of rulers He united upper and lower Egypt.

Old Kingdom 2700-2200 BC Rulers became known as Pharaohs Pharaoh = great house or palace Sun god worshipped as source of life Egyptian pharaohs had absolute power- aided by bureaucracy-organization to help run kingdom

Old Kingdom Continued Pyramids built- tombs for Pharaoh and family Contained food, weapons, artwork-items necessary for the afterlife Belief that persons spiritual body could survive if physical body preserved by mummification (70 days)

Middle Kingdom Golden Age ~ concern for the people developed. Invasion by Hykos (Asia) ended Middle Kingdom Egyptians learned to use bronze and chariots from the Hykos

New Kingdom Egypt created an Empire Pharaohs very wealthy 1st Female pharaoh = Hatsheput (Hatti) Akhenaton = 1st monotheistic pharaoh “ATON” King Tutankhamen=Tut= boy pharaoh who restored worship of many gods in the New Kingdom.

Pharaoh Cleopatra VII She was not able to unite Egypt. She had an alliance with Rome (Anthony) they were defeated, Egypt came under Roman rule.

Pyramids

Social Hierarchy pharaoh nobles, priests merchants, artist peasants & slaves

Home Life Egyptians married young Patriarchal (husband ruled) Wife = ran the house, educated children, got to keep her property, $ if divorced Arranged Marriages

Hieroglyphics Egyptian form of writing 3000 BC Hieroglyphics = priests carvings, used pictures and abstract forms Hieratic Script-simplified form of hieroglyphics used for: Record keeping Business Daily Life

Technology Advances Advances in Math- Egyptians used Geometry were able to calculate area and volume Experts in human anatomy (body) other civilizations learned from Egyptians.