E-moderation strategies in educational contexts Professor Gilly Salmon University of Leicester

The foundations learning knowledge technology 08/12/2018 Gilly Salmon

Online as a place to teach Psychological domain Imagination is intrinsic Less tangible- more potential but more risk Social domain Whole new environment Interactivity is a crucial aspect New types of discourse…more explicit, fairer 08/12/2018 Gilly Salmon

Key strategies Prior design for participation Human intervention (e-moderating) for successful learning Within context…. Different technologies 08/12/2018

Introducing the 5 stage model Developed in asynchronous text based environments including wikis Now also used in 3D Multi Users environments, such as Second life 08/12/2018

Created by Rod Angood Access & motivation 08/12/2018

Online Socialisation 08/12/2018 Created by Rod Andgood Created by Rod Angood

Information exchange 08/12/2018 Created by Rod Angood

Knowledge construction 08/12/2018 Created by Rod Angood

Created by Rod Angood Development 08/12/2018

Knowledge construction Development Integration External links & search Mentor & Enabler Knowledge construction Facilitator Conferencing Contact Interaction Information exchange Navigation Personalisation Time saving Task setter Teacher Tutor Receiving & sending Online Socialisation Host Process establisher Access & motivation Passwords Getting on Welcomer supporter

Achieving Harmonious Online Socialization Online identities Participation Team building Professional cultures Group Stage 2 Socialization Nature & approaches of the discipline Approach of this Topic/course Time Asynchronicity Technical Knowledge Domain Environment

welcome, motivate, direct to help enable E-moderate 1-5 facilitate support task build bridges welcome, motivate, direct to help

E-moderating:recruitment confidence E-moderating:recruitment Experience as an e-learner Good regular access Pace & use time, ability to multitask, succinct, interruptablity Determination & personal development Shaun Set For Takeoff, courtesy of Dru! Some rights reserved 08/12/2018

E-moderating:recruitment constructive E-moderating:recruitment Build trust and purpose for groups Understand pedagogy, affordances & structures Create concise, energising messages & responses Build learning from tiny chunks of contribution & resources Switch rapidly from task to task Build e-identity Pyramid and Cairo suburbs courtesy of Alkan Chaglar , Some rights reserved 08/12/2018

E-moderating:training structure & build E-moderating:training Enable others, foster discussion, weave, summarize, restate, challenge, monitor understanding & misunderstanding, promote collaboration Take feedback Effective use of personal time Promote vicarious & connected learning Hanging by a thread courtesy of Jenny Downing . Some rights reserved. 08/12/2018

E-moderating:training facilitating E-moderating:training Duty calls 80/365 courtesy of chris5aw . Some rights reserved. Control groups, bring in non-participants, pace discussion Understand scaffolding process in mobile context Be role model Scale up Show authority with sensitivity Appreciate social & emotional aspects 08/12/2018

E-moderating:development knowledge-sharing E-moderating:development Explore & develop arguments Use sparks of information for discussion Promote reflection & consideration Create links with e-learning & make choices for programmes Celebrate & use diversity Be positive about e-learning Musings on Life from 87 Year Young Larry Spring courtesy of Thomas Hawk . Some rights reserved. 08/12/2018

E-moderating:development creative E-moderating:development Use range of approaches Use range of technologies Communicate with technical designers Communicate without visual cues Diagnose & solve problems Use humour appropriately, Work with emotion, handle conflict constructively Sustain a useful, relevant e-learning community Linux Crossing courtesy of psd. Some rights reserved. 08/12/2018

E-moderator actions Feedback Challenge Different perspectives Relating to course objectives Being there (but not involved) Scanning Supporting 08/12/2018 Gilly Salmon

introducing e-tivities invitation + spark individual responses interaction tutor summary days 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 time line 08/12/2018 Images used with permission © ClipArt, Microsoft Limited. Terms & conditions: www.microsoft.com/about/legal/permissions/default.mspx

E-tivities Participative group work online Motivating,engaging & purposeful Based on interaction between learners/students & active student contribution Designed & led by an e-moderator Usually asynchronous (i.e over time) Cheap & easy to run- usually simple text based bulletin boards On or off campus, blended or online only 08/12/2018 Gilly Salmon

Outcomes More involvement Scaling up Lower costs Viable pilots E-learning more acceptable, more exciting Knowledge transfer 08/12/2018 Gilly Salmon

spark invitation participation navigation 08/12/2018 Gilly Salmon

Make relevance obvious Types of ‘sparks’ Simple one or two liners in message Quotation Worked exercise Attached A 4 sheet or short information page Reference out to web pages, other electronic resources Illustration/visual/audio Focus on authenticity Make relevance obvious 08/12/2018 Gilly Salmon

Pacing not portals! Establish a pattern of online behaviour Model online behaviour Start on time Pace cohorts through together Give them a reason for being online Give them a reason for coming back, and back and back Encourage to ‘go with the flow’ (not just ‘time management’ Provide pacing on the home page 08/12/2018 Gilly Salmon

Thanks for listening “Be the change you want to see in the world” Mahatma Ghandi “Never doubt the power of a small group of people to change the world. Nothing else ever has.” Margaret Mead Thanks for listening “Every society honors its live conformists and its dead troublemakers." Mignon McLaughlin No budgets or humans were harmed in the making of this presentation 08/12/2018 Gilly Salmon