Acids, Bases, and Salts (notes) Properties of acids: Sour taste (i.e. lemon) Release hydrogen ion (H+) into water Neutralize bases Corrode active metals Turn blue litmus paper to red

Properties of bases: Bitter taste (i.e. soap) Release hydroxide ion (OH-) into water Neutralize acids Denature protein, slippery feel (i.e. soap) Turn red litmus paper to blue

What are acids? Acid is an H+ ion and a non-metal. Example: H+ and Cl- = HCl (Hydrochloric acid) H+ and Br- = HBr (Hydrobromic acid) H+ and S-2 = H2S (Hydrosulfuric acid) H+ and O-2 = H2O (is this an acid?) H+ and F- = HF (Hydrofluoric acid) Non-metal Non-metals are at the right side of the Periodic Table!

Acid can also be an H+ and a polyatomic ion. Example: H+ and NO3- = HNO3 (Nitric acid) H+ and SO4-2 = H2SO4 (Sulfuric acid) H+ and CO3-2 = H2CO3 (Carbonic acid) H+ and PO4-2 = H2PO4 (Phosphoric acid) H+ and CH3COO- = CH3COOH (Acetic acid)

What are bases? Metals are at the left side of the Periodic Table!!!! The base molecule is an OH- ion and a metal ion. Example: Na+ and OH- = NaOH, (Sodium hydroxide) Ca++ and OH- = Ca (OH)2, (Calcium hydroxide) K+ and OH- = KOH, (Potassium hydroxide) Mg++ and OH- = Mg(OH)2, (Magnesium hydroxide) Al+++ and OH- = Al(OH)3, (Aluminum hydroxide) Metals are at the left side of the Periodic Table!!!!

And finally… What are salts? Salt is a compound of metal and non-metal ions. Example: Na+ and Cl- = NaCl (Sodium chloride) Li+ and Br- = LiBr (Lithium bromide) Mg+2 and S-2 = MgS (Magnesium sulfide) Ca+2 and O-2 = CaO (Calcium oxide) Fe+3 and F- = FeF3 (Iron (III) fluoride)

Putting it all together... and Non-metal acid is base is OH- and Metal acid + base gives H2O and Metal + Non-metal salt water acid + base gives water and salt

Acid = H+ and non-metal Base = OH- and metal Salt = metal and non-metal

If U R visual: Metal+ salt Non-Metal- acid base H+ OH- water