Do Now What are the underlying causes of the war?

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Presentation transcript:

Do Now What are the underlying causes of the war?

#1 - What are the Underlying Causes of the Civil War? Economic Differences Agricultural vs. Industrial Slavery as a states’ rights issue Control of the Federal Government South losing support from Western states South will remain a minority in the Union Differences in Civilization South dominated by a small aristocracy of planter families Fanaticism on both sides Nation lacked leaders who could move the nation toward compromise

Events happening fast! February 4, 1861 – Confederacy is formed March 4, 1861 – Lincoln is inaugurated Must preserve the Union according to the constitution March 5, 1861 – Confederacy demands Ft. Sumter in Charleston harbor surrender

Lincoln’s Inaugural Firm in his address 1. Pledges not to interfere with slavery where it exists 2. Promises to enforce federal law – Fugitive Slave Law 3. Secession is illegal – emphasized his oath to “preserve, protect and defend the constitution” “In your hands, my dissatisfied countrymen, and not in mine, is the momentous issue of civil war” (Lincoln’s 1st Inaugural)

First Shots! March 5, 1861 – Confederacy demands Ft. Sumter in Charleston harbor surrender Fort Sumter in Charleston, SC is surrounded by the Confederate Army – Maj. Anderson refused to surrender fort Anderson sends dispatch to Lincoln Fort Sumter is low on supplies

Fort Sumter

What are Lincoln’s choices concerning Fort Sumter in Charleston, SC? 1) Attack the south – AGGRESSIVE 2) Evacuate the fort – WEAK This would legitimize the Confederacy 3) Send food – LET THE SOUTH ACT FIRST Be a humanitarian

Lincoln’s Decision: He sent food to the starving men This forces the south to make a decision: Use force or not?

April 12, 1861 Fort Sumter – April 13, 1861. Confederate Gen. Beauregard – Student Union Major Robert Anderson - Teacher Teacher vs. Student Anderson surrenders fort.

Results of the Attack Lincoln calls for 75,000 volunteers for the Union Army Four more southern states secede (leave) the Union April 17 - Virginia May - Arkansas, North Carolina, Tennessee

Lincoln’s has another Problem Washington DC cannot be surrounded by Southern States.

What is a border state? A slave state that did not secede Lincoln used martial law to keep them in the Union Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky and Missouri West Virginia is formed in 1863