Starter Quiz 1. Define Nationalism 2. 3. 4. TASK: Please write down the title, and 1-9 in your margin on a new sheet of paper. 1. Define Nationalism 2. 3. 4. 5. Which two countries were in the dual alliance of 1879 6. 7. 8. 9. Why did France and Russia form an alliance in 1894? Last lesson = 1 pt Last week = 2 pt Last term = 3 pt

5. Germany and Austria Hungary Last lesson = 1 pt Last week = 2 pt Last term = 3 pt 1. an extreme form of patriotism, marked by a feeling of superiority over other countries. 2. 3. 4. 5. Germany and Austria Hungary 6. 7. 8. 9. Give yourself a score out of 18 In a green pen, you are going to write down which topic you need to develop you understanding of (War with Spain ; Mary Queen of Scots; Nazi Germany) For next lesson you need to create revision material on that topic. In that next lesson, you will be given a new quiz just on the topic you are revising.

Conflict and Tension Lesson 2: Alliance Good learning: Understand the different alliances that formed in the lead up to WWI Great learning: Explain why these alliances formed Even better: Evaluate the impact of these alliances of European relations Key Words:

European Powers: A Recap In 1870 there was a short war between Germany and France. Which bit of industrial land did Germany take off France as a result of this war? Austria-Hungary was made up of many different ethnic groups, give an example of one of the ethnic groups. Who did Britain consider it’s most dangerous rivals for most of the 19th Century? What were the two main concerns of France? Russia had a long history of rivalry with which country? Alsace-Lorraine Germans, Czechs, Slovaks, Serbs France and Russia Protect against a German attack and get back Alsace-Lorraine Austria-Hungary Good learning Understand the different alliances that formed in the lead up to WWI Great learning: Explain why these alliances formed Even better: Evaluate the impact of these alliances of European relations

THE ALLIANCE SYSTEM On the following slides are situations that European Powers faced in the early 19th and 20th Centuries. Your will continue to represent your country from last lesson. Where necessary you will be expected to make important decisions on who you should ally with, in order to preserve peace!! Define alliance Good learning Understand the different alliances that formed in the lead up to WWI Great learning: Explain why these alliances formed Even better: Evaluate the impact of these alliances of European relations

Explain why these alliances formed 1879 Germany’s Otto von Bismarck is pursuing a system of alliances (friendships) to prevent, or limit war. In particular Bismark is trying to stop Russia from attacking. He is also pursuing a system of alliances to prevent the Isolation of Germany. DUAL ALLIANCE 1879 The Dual Alliance was between Germany and Austria Hungary. The two powers promised each other support in case of attack by Russia. Also, they promised to stay neutral if one of them was attacked by another European power (generally taken to be France). Good learning Understand the different alliances that formed in the lead up to WWI Great learning: Explain why these alliances formed Even better: Evaluate the impact of these alliances of European relations

Explain why these alliances formed 1882 Italy sought support against France shortly after it lost North African ambitions to the French.. TRIPLE ALLIANCE 1882 The Triple Alliance, was a secret agreement between Germany, Austria- Hungary, and Italy. Each member promised to support each other in the event of an attack by any other great power. The treaty said that Germany and Austria-Hungary were to assist Italy if it was attacked by France. In turn, Italy would assist Germany if attacked by France. In the event of a war between Austria-Hungary and Russia, Italy promised to remain neutral. Good learning Understand the different alliances that formed in the lead up to WWI Great learning: Explain why these alliances formed Even better: Evaluate the impact of these alliances of European relations

1894 Germany, assuming that France and Russia would not ally, allowed its Treaty with Russia to collapse in 1890. In the event of war, France wanted support against Germany; and Russia, against Austria-Hungary. FRANCO-RUSSIAN ALLIANCE 1894 The Franco-Russian Alliance was also a secret. The new alliance was to be in force as long as the Triple Alliance existed. It provided that in the event of an attack on France by Germany, Russia would give 700,000- 800,000 men to fight Germany; in the event of an attack on Russia by Germany, France would field 1,300,000 men to fight Germany. Good learning Understand the different alliances that formed in the lead up to WWI Great learning: Explain why these alliances formed Even better: Evaluate the impact of these alliances of European relations

Explain why these alliances formed 1904 For almost a hundred years, there had been conflict between England and France. It had been over their colonies in North Africa. France needed protection against Germany, and Britain wanted to keep Germany in check. ENTENTE CORDIAL 1904 The entente was an agreement, not an alliance. The most important feature of the agreement was that it granted freedom of action to the UK in Egypt and to France in Morocco (they had almost fought a War over interests in North Africa, Fashoda Incident 1898 and had been trying to improve relations since). It did not say they would give each other military aid to achieve this. Good learning Understand the different alliances that formed in the lead up to WWI Great learning: Explain why these alliances formed Even better: Evaluate the impact of these alliances of European relations

1907 The Russian Empire had been advancing into Central Asia and Britain had been consolidating it’s domination of South Asia. This led to intense rivalry between the two The emergence of the German Empire as a world power, and the humiliating defeat in 1905 of Russia to Japan, helped to persuade some British and Russian officials of a need to resolve their differences in Asia. ANGLO-RUSSIAN ENTENTE 1907 Anglo-Russian Entente, was a pact in which Britain and Russia settled their colonial disputes in Persia, Afghanistan, and Tibet. Good learning Understand the different alliances that formed in the lead up to WWI Great learning: Explain why these alliances formed Even better: Evaluate the impact of these alliances of European relations

Alliance System overview 1870-71 – Franco-Prussian war 1871 – Unification of Germany 1879 – dual alliance (Germany and AH – support against Russia) 1882 – triple alliance (secret! Italy sought support against France shortly after it lost North African ambitions to the French.) 1894 – Franco-Russian Alliance (France wants defence against Germany, Russia defence against AH) 1904 – Entente Cordial (granted freedom of action to the UK in Egypt and to France in Morocco) 1907 – Anglo-Russian Agreement (issues in Asia, rise of Germany & Russian defeat with Japan) Good learning Understand the different alliances that formed in the lead up to WWI Great learning: Explain why these alliances formed Even better: Evaluate the impact of these alliances of European relations

Explain why these alliances formed The Uncertain Embrace By a German artist, 1904 Study Source A. Source A is critical of the Entente Cordiale. How do you know? Explain your answer using Source A and your contextual knowledge. [4 marks] Good learning Understand the different alliances that formed in the lead up to WWI Great learning: Explain why these alliances formed Even better: Evaluate the impact of these alliances of European relations

Mark Scheme 2 3-4 1 1-2 Level Marks How to get the marks! Students may progress from a simple analysis of the source with extended reasoning supported by factual knowledge and understanding related to the features of the source. OR Comments on the fact that it is a German cartoon and identifies the reasons why Germany would wish 1 1-2 Students identify relevant features in the source and support them with simple factual knowledge and understanding. Students either submit no evidence or fail to address the question

Mark Scheme 2 3-4 1 1-2 Level Marks How to get the marks! Students may progress from a simple analysis of the source with extended reasoning supported by factual knowledge and understanding related to the features of the source. E.G. Linking details about the Entente Cordiale with points identified in the cartoon, such as the bulldog and Cockerel underneath he sea, the dangerous nature of the embrace, and the sea monsters lurking waiting for failure. OR Comments on the fact that it is a German cartoon and identifies the reasons why Germany would wish 1 1-2 Students identify relevant features in the source and support them with simple factual knowledge and understanding. E.G. Some facts about the Entente Cordiale, talking about how there is still distrust underneath the surface Students either submit no evidence or fail to address the question

However, they must all sit at the SAME table. Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy, France, Britain and Russia have been invited to a dinner party! However, they must all sit at the SAME table. It is your job, as event organiser, to decide which countries should sit next to each other… Justify each decision you make!

Conflict and Tension Lesson 2: Alliance Good learning: Understand the different alliances that formed in the lead up to WWI Great learning: Explain why these alliances formed Even better: Evaluate the impact of these alliances of European relations Key Words:

GCSE History: Monday 10th September https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0dXpAVE3frk What was the ‘Scramble for Africa’? What was the outcome of the Berlin Conference? Bring a map of the ‘Balkan’ Countries in 1914 OR A list of the countries that made up the ‘Balkans’ in 1914 Read P208- write a brief summary of the two Moroccan Crisis and the Bosnian Crisis Encourage use of dictionary! E.g. superiority

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THE ALLIANCE SYSTEM Name Year Countries involved Reason for the alliance What did the Alliance say? Worksheet

Write an account of how… IS NEW SPEC WORDING Cartoon is from 1911 – after second Moroccan crisis!!! NOT FOR THIS LESSON AQA SPEC RECOMMENDS THIS PUNCH CARTOON, BUT MAKES 0 SENSE SINCE YOU NEED THE MOROCCAN CRISES TO ANALYSE IT! Describe the international agreements made in the years 1890 to 1907 which Germany believed had encircled her. OLD SPEC QUESTION – ADAPT? Write an account of how… IS NEW SPEC WORDING OR SOURCE ON NEXT SLIDE???