Augusto Panecatl Technical Information and Customer Support ARM Cortex M0+® Augusto Panecatl Technical Information and Customer Support

Cortex-M0 processors Cortex-M series processors have been specifically developed for the microcontroller industry where the need for fast, highly deterministic, interrupt management is coupled with the desire for extremely low gate count and lowest possible power consumption. La serie de procesadores Cortex-M se han desarrollado principalmente para el dominio microcontrolador donde la necesidad de rápida altamente determinista, la gestión, la interrupción es, junto con el deseo de recuento extremadamente bajo puerta y el más bajo consumo de energía posible. Applications include: Microcontrollers Mixed signal devices Smart sensors Automotive body electronics and airbags

Cortex-M0 processors Energy efficiency Run at lower MHz or during shorter activity periods Architected support for sleep modes Smaller code High density instruction set Achieve more per byte than 8/16-bit devices

Cortex-M0 processors Ease of use Global standard across multiple vendors Code compatibility High Performance

Cortex-M0 Processors Cortex-M family processors are all binary upwards compatible, enabling software reuse and a seamless progression from one Cortex-M processor to another.

Cortex M Scalability Code fully upward compatible with Kinetis K Cortex-M4

ARM Cortex-M0+ : The True 8-bit Replacement The smallest, lowest-power ARM processor on the market Processor consumption as low as 9μA/MHz* Outstanding results of 1.77 CoreMark/MHz I/O low-power improvements with single cycle access to critical peripherals (GPIO …) Relocatable vector table allows for dynamic exception handlers by moving the vector table into RAM Micro trace buffer brings fast debug advantages of trace to low-end MCUs

Cortex-M0+ 32-bit RISC processor 2-stage pipeline von Neumann architecture ARMv6-M architecture 16-bit Thumb instruction set with Thumb-2 technology. Load-Store Architecture 56 Instructions Because there are several generations of ARM processors, the architectures of these processors are also divided into different version. Where each version defines a programmers model, instruction set, exception mechanism.

Simplified Block Diagram NVIC The NVIC is an embedded interrupt controller that supports low latency interrupt processing. Up to 32 Interrupt signals. Priority features, tail-chaining and External NMI. The system timer SysTick, is a 24-bit count-down timer. Use this as a Real Time Operating System (RTOS) tick timer or as a simple counter WIC can detect an interrupt and wake the processor from deep sleep mode. The WIC is not programmable, and does not have any registers or user interface. When the WIC is enabled and the processor enters deep sleep mode, the power management unit in the system can power down most of the Cortex-M0+ processor. MPU – Debug System: It allows to handle breakpoint and watchpoints. Debug Access Port . JTAG or Serial Wire .(5 & 2 lines)

Nested Vectored Interrupt Controller (NVIC) En profundidad: Nested Vectored controlador de interrupciones (CNTV) El CNTV es una parte integral de todos los procesadores Cortex-M y ofrece excelentes capacidades de manejo de interrupciones de los transformadores. En los procesadores Cortex-M0, Cortex-M0 + y Cortex-M1, el apoyo NVIC hasta 32 interrupciones (IRQ), una interrupción no enmascarable (NMI) y varias excepciones del sistema. Los procesadores Cortex-M3 y Cortex-M4 se extienden del CIV para soportar hasta 240 IRQ, NMI 1 y otras excepciones del sistema.

Programmers model Thread mode Executes application software. The processor enters Thread mode when it comes out of reset. Handler mode Handles exceptions. The processor returns to Thread mode when it has finished all exception processing Unprivileged The software: • has limited access to system registers using the MSR and MRS instructions, and cannot use the CPS instruction to mask interrupts • cannot access the system timer, NVIC, or system control block • might have restricted access to memory or peripherals. Unprivileged software executes at the unprivileged level. Privileged The software can use all the instructions and has access to all resources. Privileged software executes at the privileged level. Stacks The processor uses a full descending stack.

Memory model 4GB of memory address space Code Region SRAM Region Peripheral Region RAM Region Device Region Internal Private Peripheral Bus Divided into a number of regions. Each region has its recommended usage. Support only aligned transfers External Device .- 2* 512MB does not allow program execution. Used for general data storage. External RAM.- 2-512MB allows program execution Peripheral. Not execution allowed. Connected to AHB bus or APB. SRAM.- 512MB Code.- Vector Table, code and data.

ARM Cortex-M0+ Processor: Low Power by Design Dedicated features built-in the processor: WFI & WFE instructions: set core into SLEEP and Wait-For-Event/Interrupt Sleep-on-Exit: automatic SLEEP after interrupt execution Few cycles to switch between run and sleep DEEP SLEEP for longer sleep period: CPU and NVIC unpowered WIC monitors wake-up sources Static processor leakage in nW KINETIS L implementation: Asynchronous WIC (AWIC) Multiple WU sources: periph/LV/NMI Additionnal LLWU for low leakage wake up ISR exit Active Mode ISR Sleep Mode Sleep Mode SLEEPONEXIT bit set WFI or WFE

Ultra-low Power Modes Expands beyond typical run, sleep and deep sleep modes with power options designed to maximize battery life in varying applications Mode Definition Run MCU can be run at full speed. Supports Compute Operation clocking option where bus and system clock are disabled for lowest power core processing and energy-saving peripherals with an alternate asynchronous clock source are operational. VLP Run (VLPR) MCU maximum frequency is restricted to 4MHz core/platform and 1 MHz bus/flash clock. Supports Compute Operation clocking option. LVD protection is off and flash programming is disallowed. Wait Allows all peripherals to function, while CPU goes to sleep reducing power consumption. No Compute Operation clocking option. VLP Wait (VLPW) Similar to VLP Run, with CPU in sleep to further reduce power. No Compute Operation clocking option. Stop MCU is in static state with LVD protection on. Energy-saving peripherals are operational with Asynchronous DMA (ADMA) feature that can wake-up DMA to perform transfer and return to current mode when complete. AWIC detects wake-up source for CPU. Lowest power mode with option to keep PLL active. VLP Stop (VLPS) MCU is in static state with LVD protection off. Energy-saving peripherals are operational with ADMA feature. AWIC detects wake-up source for CPU. LL Stop (LLS) MCU is in low leakage state retention power mode. LLWU detects wake-up source for CPU including LPTMR, RTC, TSI, CMP, and select pin interrupts. Fast <4.3us wake-up. VLL Stop 3 (VLLS3) MCU is placed in a low leakage mode powering down most internal logic. All system RAM contents are retained and I/O states held. LLWU controls wake-up source for CPU similar to LLS mode. VLL Stop 1 (VLLS1) Similar to VLLS3 with no RAM or register file retention. VLL Stop 0 (VLLS0) Pin wakeup supported. LPTMR, RTC, TSI and CMP wake-up supported with external clock. No RAM or register file retention. Optional POR brown-out detection circuitry. RUN SLEEP DEEP SLEEP

Crystal Oscillator (low & high range) Kinetis L Series: Master Block Diagram System Clock Management Energy Management Unique ID ARM Cortex-M0+ Core Ultra-low power 48MHz bus freq. Debug (SWD) COP LPO (1KHz) Crystal Oscillator (low & high range) LS Osc (32KHz) Voltage Regulator RST Flash 8-256K RAM 1-32K DMA 4-ch FLL PLL ULP Osc (4MHz) Power On Reset Low Voltage Detector Peripheral Bus Analog Interfaces Timers Communication Connectivity I/O Ports ADC (SAR w/ DMA) 12/16-bit, up to 16ch PIT 2ch, 32bit 16b LPTPM 6ch x1, 2ch x 2 UART x2 LPUARTx1 IIS x1 USB FS/LS Transceiver Up to 80 GPIO (4 High Dive) w/ 25 interrupt SPI x 2 USB Controller 12-bit DAC HSCMP SRTC Temp. Compensated LPTMR TSI x 16ch RST/ Input I2C x 2 V Regulator HMI Operation in: Run Wait Stop/ VLPS VLLS3 VLLS1 VLLS0 Segment LCD 51x8/55x4 Packages: 16QFN, 20WLCSP, 24QFN, 32LQFP, 32QFN, 35WLCSP, 48LQFP, 48QFN, 64LQFP, 80LQFP, 100LQFP, 121MBGA