23.3 – Classifying Chemical Reactions
Objectives Identify the general types of chemical reactions. Predict which metals will replace other metals in a compound.
Synthesis Reaction Two or more substances form a new substance A + B C
Decomposition reaction One substance breaks down into two or more substances AB A + B
Single-Displacement Reaction One element replaces another one in a compound A + BC AC + B D + BC BD + C
Double-Displacement Reaction Results if a precipitate, water, or a gas forms when two ionic compounds in solution are combined AB + CD AD + CB
Activity Series In single displacement reactions, more reactive metals can replace less reactive metals Most reactive – lithium, potassium, sodium Least reactive – gold, silver, copper
A + BX AX + B AX + BY AY + BX Synthesis A + B AB Na + Cl2 NaCl Decomposition AB A + B 2NaCl 2Na + Cl2 Single-Displacement A + BX AX + B Mg + CuSO4 Cu + MgSO4 Double-displacement AX + BY AY + BX CaCO3 + HCl CaCl2 + H2CO3
Combustion Reaction Type of synthesis reaction that produces heat and light Involves a carbon compound plus oxygen gas to produce carbon dioxide and water 2 C2H6 + 7 O2 4 CO2 + 6 H2O
Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i-HHvx1VC_8
In-Class Assignment/Homework 23.3 WKT
Synthesis A + B AB Na + Cl2 NaCl Decomposition AB A + B 2NaCl 2Na + Cl2 Single-Displacement A + BX AX + B Mg + CuSO4 Cu + MgSO4 Double-displacement AX + BY AY + BX CaCO3 + HCl CaCl2 + H2CO3 Combustion CxHY + O2 CO2 + H2O 2 C2H6 + 7 O2 4 CO2 + 6 H2O