Power is divided between one central and several regional authorities. Federation / Federal Power is divided between one central and several regional authorities. Regional Authority Regional Authority Central Authority Regional Authority Regional Authority

Central Authority Unitary Power is held by one central power: Regions may have limited power given to them by the state Regional Authority Central Authority Regional Authority Regional Authority Regional Authority

Less binding than a federation. Voluntary association of independent states that often only delegate a few powers to the central authority. Less binding than a federation. Regional Authority Regional Authority Confederation Regional Authority Regional Authority Central Authority

How Governments Determine Citizen Participation High Participation High Participation Select Citizens’ Participation General Citizens’ Participation Government Power Citizen Participation Government Power Government Power Citizen Participation Low or No Participation Low or No Participation Low or No Participation Autocratic Oligarchic Democracy

Autocratic One person possesses unlimited power. The citizen has limited, if any, role in government.

Autocracy The oldest form of government. One of the most common forms of government. Maintain power through inheritance or ruthless use of military and police power. Types:  Dictatorship Monarchy

The citizen has a very limited role. Oligarchy Government by the few. The citizen has a very limited role. The group gets its power from military power, social power, wealth, religion or a combination. Political opposition is usually suppressed- sometimes violently. Examples- Communist countries such as China. Leaders in the party and armed forces control government.

May have a Prime Minister elected Democracy Parliamentary: People vote for the Political party they feel best represents their views. May have a Prime Minister elected by the legislature. Presidential: A system of government in which the president is constitutionally independent of the legislature. The executive branch exists separately from the legislature (to which it is generally not accountable). Remy, Richard C., United States Government- Democracy in Action (Columbus, OH: Glencoe, McGraw-Hill, 2006)

Parliamentary Democracy: Monarchy: Saudi Arabia King is the political leader by right of birth called hereditary monarchy. Parliamentary Democracy: Israel People elect a political party which is represented in the Knesset (legislative branch) and the Prime minister is the leader Theocracy: Iran Government in which a Deity (God) is recognized as the ruler. Usually has “representative” who speaks for God and acts as King. . CIA World Factbook Notes and Definitions