Bell Ringer: Open your Ian and glue in yesterday’s anticipation guide Bell Ringer: Open your Ian and glue in yesterday’s anticipation guide! Cut and trim. Open your books to Oceans… Ch.13. Section 1

Objectives:. List the major divisions of the global ocean Objectives: *List the major divisions of the global ocean. *Identify the properties of ocean water. *Describe the interactions between the ocean and the atmosphere (water cycle).

Divisions of the Global Ocean: 376 million sq km. Pacific Ocean – largest Atlantic Ocean Indian Ocean Southern Ocean 5.Arctic Ocean – smallest **Beaker Models Divisions of the Global Ocean: 376 million sq km.

How Oceans Formed E Activity: How Oceans Formed About 4.5 billion years ago, Earth was a very different place. There were no oceans. The volcanic gases began to form Earth’s atmosphere. Meanwhile, Earth was cooling.  Earth cooled enough for water vapor to condense. This water began to fall as rain. The rain filled the deeper levels of Earth’s surface, and the first oceans began to form.  How Oceans Formed E Activity: How Oceans Formed

Ocean Water Properties / Characteristics It is SALTY WHY? Rivers and streams flow, carrying dissolved minerals from surrounding rocks and soil. At the same time, water evaporates from the ocean leaving the dissolved solids (NaCl – sodium chloride) behind.

Ocean Water Properties / Characteristics Has a high SALINITY – a measure of the amount of dissolved salts or solids in a liquid. The Ocean CLIMATE affects salinity hotter/drier coastal water has a higher evaporation rate, thus higher salinity cooler/humid coastal water has a lower evaporation rate, thus lower salinity (FLORIDA vs MAINE) Ocean Water Properties / Characteristics

The Water MOVEMENT affects salinity faster moving water develops low salinity areas (ex. Mississippi enters into the Gulf) 2.slower moving water develops high salinity areas (ex. Mediterranean Sea)

Ocean Water Properties / Characteristics TEMPERATURE of ocean water decreases as DEPTH increases    Ocean Water Properties / Characteristics

Let’s Review: Brainpop Oceans Between which two steps of the water cycle does the ocean fit? Identifying Relationships; List one factor that affects salinity in the ocean. Explain how each factor affects salinity or temperature. Let’s Review: Brainpop Oceans

Factors that Affect Ocean Salinity TEMPERATURE of ocean water decreases as DEPTH increases E Activity: Factors that Affect Ocean Salinity 

Ocean is a Global Thermostat The ocean absorbs and holds energy from sunlight. This regulates atmospheric temperatures. If the ocean did not release thermal energy so slowly, the air temperature on land would vary greatly (over 200˚ F to -200˚F) Ocean is a Global Thermostat

The global ocean is divided by the continents into five main oceans: _____________________________________________________. The five oceans as we know them today formed within the last _________years. Salts have been added to the ocean for billions of years. _____________ is a measure of the amount of dissolved salts in a given weight or mass of liquid. The three temperature zones of ocean water are the surface zone, the thermocline, and the ______________. The _________________is the continuous movement of water from the ocean to the atmosphere to the land and back to the ocean. The ocean plays the largest role in the water cycle. The ocean stabilizes Earth’s weather conditions by absorbing and holding ________________ energy. Why is the ocean salty? Because fish don’t like pepper! In Summary:

Identify the two major regions of the ocean floor. Objectives: Identify the two major regions of the ocean floor. Classify subdivisions and features of the two major regions of the ocean floor. 13.2 The Ocean Floor

Studying the Ocean Floor Seeing by Sonar: Scientists calculate the depth by multiplying half the travel time by the speed of sound in water (about 1,500 m/s). Oceanography via Satellite Studying the Floor with Geostat Studying the Ocean Floor

Geostat has been used to measure slight changes in the height of the ocean’s surface. Different underwater features, such as mountains and trenches, affect the height of the water above them.

Revealing the Ocean Floor 1. Continental margin – made of continental crust _____________   2. Deep ocean basin – made of oceanic crust ______________ Revealing the Ocean Floor

Ocean Floor Subdivisions and Features Continental margin contains:   1. Continental shelf – 2. Continental slope – 3. Continental rise – Ocean Floor Subdivisions and Features

Ocean Floor Subdivisions and Features Deep ocean basin contains:   Abyssal plain – Mid-ocean ridges- Rift valleys- Trenches- Ocean Floor Subdivisions and Features

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