Preoperative T Staging of Potentially Resectable Esophageal Cancer: A Comparison between Free-Breathing Radial VIBE and Breath-Hold Cartesian VIBE, with.

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Preoperative T Staging of Potentially Resectable Esophageal Cancer: A Comparison between Free-Breathing Radial VIBE and Breath-Hold Cartesian VIBE, with Histopathological Correlation Fengguang Zhang, Jinrong Qu, Hongkai Zhang, Hui Liu, Jianjun Qin, Zhidan Ding, Yin Li, Jie Ma, Zhongxian Zhang, Zhaoqi Wang, Jianwei Zhang, Shouning Zhang, Yafeng Dong, Robert Grimm, Ihab R. Kamel, Hailiang Li Translational Oncology Volume 10, Issue 3, Pages 324-331 (June 2017) DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2017.02.006 Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Examples of image quality (1=poor, 2=acceptable, 3=average, 4=good, 5=excellent) for both C-VIBE (E-G: score 2-4) and r-VIBE (A-D: score 2-5). Image 1 = tumor, mucosa (black arrow), muscularis propria (white arrow), and interrupted muscularis propria (thick black arrow). Translational Oncology 2017 10, 324-331DOI: (10.1016/j.tranon.2017.02.006) Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 T staging criteria of contrast-enhanced radial VIBE for esophageal cancer. 1, mucosa; 2, muscularis propria; 3, adventitia. Translational Oncology 2017 10, 324-331DOI: (10.1016/j.tranon.2017.02.006) Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Scatter diagram of image quality for C-VIBE and r-VIBE (n=50). Translational Oncology 2017 10, 324-331DOI: (10.1016/j.tranon.2017.02.006) Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Figure 4 (A and B) Axial radial VIBE and reformatted sagittal images in a 65-year-old female esophageal cancer patient, Image 2 = tumor. (A) Image obtained with contrast-enhanced radial VIBE shows mucous layer remains ring-like intact (black arrow), and MRI staging is T1. (D and E) Axial conventional VIBE and reformatted sagittal images; both tumor and mucous layer are blurred. (C) On a photograph of EC, tumor is seen as a yellowish solid mass, mucous layer (thin black arrow) is not interrupted completely, and muscularis propria is intact (thick black arrow). (F) Tumor invades submucosa (white arrow), and muscularis propria is intact (black arrow) via a hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)–stained section at ×100. Translational Oncology 2017 10, 324-331DOI: (10.1016/j.tranon.2017.02.006) Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Figure 5 (A-C) Axial radial VIBE, reformatted sagittal and coronal images in a 63-year-old male esophageal cancer patient, Image 3 = tumor, thin white arrow = mucous layer, and thick white arrow means muscularis propria. (A-C) Images obtained with contrast-enhanced radial VIBE show that tumor invades muscularis propria (arrowhead), and MRI staging is T2. (D-F) Axial conventional VIBE, reformatted sagittal and coronal images, tumor, mucous layer, and muscularis propria are blurred. (G) On a photograph of EC, tumor is seen as a white solid mass, mucous layer (thin white arrow) is interrupted, and muscularis propria (thick white arrow) is invaded. (H) Tumor invades muscularis propria (white arrow) via an H&E-stained section at ×100. Translational Oncology 2017 10, 324-331DOI: (10.1016/j.tranon.2017.02.006) Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions

Figure 6 (A-C) Axial radial VIBE, reformatted sagittal and coronal images in 47-year-old male esophageal cancer patients, Image 4 = tumor, thick arrow = muscularis propria. (A-C) Images obtained with contrast-enhanced radial VIBE show that tumor invades adventitia (thin arrow), and MRI staging is T3. (D-F) Axial conventional VIBE, reformatted sagittal and coronal images, tumor, mucous layer, and muscularis propria are blurred. (G) On a photograph of EC, tumor is seen as a solid mass, mucous layer is interrupted, and muscularis propria and adventitia are invaded. (H) Tumor invades adventitia (black arrow) via an H&E-stained section at ×100. Translational Oncology 2017 10, 324-331DOI: (10.1016/j.tranon.2017.02.006) Copyright © 2017 The Authors Terms and Conditions