To accompany Hawkes lesson 2.2b(iii) Original content by D.R.S.

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Presentation transcript:

To accompany Hawkes lesson 2.2b(iii) Original content by D.R.S. Frequency Polygon Input: A frequency distribution Output: A pretty picture To accompany Hawkes lesson 2.2b(iii) Original content by D.R.S. 12/8/2018

Remember Polygons from Geometry? It’s a shape It’s a closed figure All the sides are straight lines meeting at their endpoints The sides never cross each other Triangle, Quadrilateral, Pentagon, Hexagon, Heptagon, Octagon, Nonagon, Decagon, etc… 12/8/2018

Step 1 – A Frequency Distribution Class Limits Frequency 20-24.9999 9 25-29.9999 26 30-34.9999 23 35-39.9999 14 40-44.9999 7 45-49.9999 11 50-54.9999 10 55-59.9999 60-64.9999 2 65-69.9999 1 These are the runners’ times from the 5K race again. 12/8/2018

Need Class Midpoints (Low + High) / 2 Class Limits Class Midpoint Frequency 20-24.9999 22.49995 9 25-29.9999 27.49995 26 30-34.9999 32.49995 23 35-39.9999 37.49995 14 40-44.9999 42.49995 7 45-49.9999 47.49995 11 50-54.9999 52.49995 10 55-59.9999 57.49995 60-64.9999 62.49995 2 65-69.9999 67.49995 1 (Low + High) / 2 Frequency Polygons plot the Class Midpoints on the horizontal axis Unlike Histogram, which used class boundaries. 12/8/2018

Add Phony Classes at the Endpoints Class Mid. Frequency 17.49995 22.49995 9 27.49995 26 32.49995 23 37.49995 14 42.49995 7 47.49995 11 52.49995 10 57.49995 62.49995 2 67.49995 1 72.49995 Lowest midpoint minus one class width, 22.49995 – 5 Highest midpoint plus one class width, 67.49995 + 5 Each with frequency 0. These will “anchor” the polygon to the horizontal axis. 12/8/2018

The Frequency Polygon 12/8/2018

The Frequency Polygon Good charts have a title telling the reader what he is looking at Descriptive labels on the axes, too 12/8/2018

Horizontal Axis close-up Labels at x-values are class midpoints, not boundaries. The phony classes we added at the beginning and end of the frequency distribution serve to “anchor” the polygon to the axis, so it is a closed geometric shape. 12/8/2018

Frequency Polygon in Excel See handout with details. Excel’s Line Graph is used. Extra work is needed to set up phony classes. Extra work is needed to get the labeling right. 12/8/2018