Martin Luther: Reactionary or Revolutionary?

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Presentation transcript:

Martin Luther: Reactionary or Revolutionary? Peter Marshall

“Great Man” Luther Luther memorial in Wittenberg, Germany

Luther posts the 95 Theses: a Romantic 19th century view…

Luther at the Diet of Worms: another Romantic 19th century view!

Luther’s parents, Hans and Margarethe

The Augustinian monastery, Wittenberg

Luther the Catholic friar

Luther’s new insight: “the righteous shall live by faith [alone]” (Letter of St Paul to the Romans, 1:17)

The Penitential Cycle:

“As soon as the coin in the coffer rings…”Tetzel’s Indulgence campaign

Confrontation at Leipzig, June-July 1519 Luther Johan Eck

Point of no return? Luther burns the bull of excommunication, 1520

More opponents – evangelical ones! Andreas von Karlstadt Ulrich Zwingli

The Faces of Princely Reformation Philip of Hesse John Frederick of Saxony Ulrich of Wurttemberg

“Therefore let everyone who can, smite, slay, and stab, secretly or openly, remembering that nothing can be more poisonous, hurtful, or devilish than a rebel…” Radical Leader, Thomas Muntzer Luther’s tract of 1525

Mrs and Mrs Luther: Martin and Katharina von Bora

Luther’s anti-Semitic slide, from That Jesus Christ was Born a Jew (1523) to On the Jews and Their Lies (1543)

Which Luther?

The paradoxes of Luther(anism) (Lucas Cranach’s Allegory of Law and Grace, 1525)