CAUSE AND CONSEQUENCE MAP   1   1   2   2 This is an example of   PREPARATION because…   3   3   1   1 This is an example of   LEADERSHIP because…   2   2   3   3   1   1 This is an example of   LUCK because…   2   2   3   3   4   4

William had assembled a great army and a great store of weapons. William had a large force of knights on horses (cavalry) which gave him and his soldiers a lot of attacking power. At a key moment in the battle, Harold was killed. William had built many ships to carry his forces across the sea. The wind had changed at the right time for William. He was able to cross the sea and land in Hastings while Harold was still fighting in the North. William was very brave. At a difficult time in the battle he led his men back up the hill to attack the English. William encouraged his men to use the clever trick of retreating to make the English come down from the hill. Then the Normans could surround and kill them Some of Harold's best soldiers had been killed fighting the Norwegians in the North. Harold's men were exhausted by the time they got to Hastings and were not ready for the battle. Williams skilfully arranged his army in rows - archers, foot-soldiers and cavalry - for the attack. CAUSES

… it shows that he was prepared to lead his soldiers into battle. …he could not completely control the fact that my soldiers were waiting for Harold's soldiers on the day they arrived in Hastings. … it shows that he was prepared to lead his soldiers into battle. ...he was able to see that he would need different types of soldiers in his army if he was to defeat the English …it shows he had the ability to organise enough of a fighting force even to wage war in a foreign country. … without all of this equipment my soldiers would have found it much harder to defeat the English soldiers. …because it shows that I was able to work out ways to trick the English and get them away from their strong position. … this shows that he was able to make sure that his forces were acting according to a plan of attack and not just launching themselves at the English without tactics. …because if it had not happened the English may have continued fighting for a lot longer. ..he could not have predicted what would have happened to Harold's army when they fought Harald Hardrada at the Battle of Stamford Bridge. … if this had not happened he would not have been able to get to England at just the right time to defeat Harold's soldiers when they were at their weakest. EXPLANATIONS