Topic: Evaluating the merits and deficiencies of the Articles of Confederation Do Now: The decade of 1780-1790 is often called “the critical period” in American politics. Why do you think it is referred to this way? Explain.

Origins of America’s “First Government” Continental Congress was originally nothing more than a group of “ambassadors” No real authority over the 13 colonies 1777: Articles of Confederation written Western lands problem 1781: ratified by 13 states

The Central Government “The Critical Period” 13 states linked together to face common problems No executive branch Courts as a state prerogative Legislative branch dominated the law-making process Where does sovereignty lie?

The Unicameral Legislature Congress: Unicameral 1 state, 1 vote 9/13 vote to approve bills Unanimous vote for amendments Congress could not levy taxes or regulate trade Could only “ask” for troops Makes all foreign treaties State power unimpeded States controlled trade Printed (coined) money

Territorial Ordinances Land Ordinance 1785: Great lakes region lands be sold to pay war debts Surveying lands Divided into townships Each must have a public school Orderly migration to new lands Northwest Ordinance 1787: Rules on how territories become states 60,000  request for statehood No slavery in northwest

The Articles of Confederation Strengths Weaknesses

Conclusion Based on today’s lesson, how would you rate the Articles of Confederation (on a scale of 1-10; 10 being the best)? Explain your reasoning in 3-4 sentences.