Engineering Technology Division Power Plant Construction and QA/QC Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers

Cooling Tower Principles Types of Cooling Towers Types of Fill Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers Overview Introduction Cooling Tower Principles Types of Cooling Towers Types of Fill Construction Materials Temperature Control Air Cooled Condensers Operational Concerns

Second Law of Thermodynamics What heat is not used must be discarded Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers Introduction Second Law of Thermodynamics What heat is not used must be discarded Efficiency is how the heat is used Excess heat discarded means efficiency Heat Sinks River Air (Cooling Towers) Ocean Lake

Introduction – Heat Sinks - Types Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers Introduction – Heat Sinks - Types Cooper Nuclear Station – Missouri River Pilgrim Nuclear Station – Atlantic Ocean

Introduction – Heat Sinks - Types Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers Introduction – Heat Sinks - Types LaSalle County Nuclear Station – Lake Susquehanna Nuclear Station – Cooling Tower

Cooling Tower Principles - Evaporation Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers Cooling Tower Principles - Evaporation Air Density Humidity

Cooling Tower Principles - Process Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers Cooling Tower Principles - Process

Types of Cooling Towers – Forced Draft Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers Types of Cooling Towers – Forced Draft

Types of Cooling Towers – Natural Draft Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers Types of Cooling Towers – Natural Draft Hyperbolic Tower

Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers Types of Fill

Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers Types of Fill

Construction Materials Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers Construction Materials Concrete Steel Wood

Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers Temperature Control Climate/ Location Average Temperature Variable Heat Load

Steam / Water Inlet Manifold Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers Air Cooled Condensers Direct Indirect Steam / Water Inlet Manifold Little water replenishment

Operational Concerns - Icing Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers Operational Concerns - Icing

Operational Concerns – Fouling – Algae Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers Operational Concerns – Fouling – Algae

Operational Concerns – Fouling – Trash Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers Operational Concerns – Fouling – Trash

Operational Concerns – Fouling – Dirt Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers Operational Concerns – Fouling – Dirt

Section 2.5– Cooling Towers and Air Cooled Condensers Questions?