The Atomic Bomb
Einstein’s Letter: “ It may become possible to set up a nuclear chain reaction in a large mass of Uranium by which vast amounts of power, and large quantities of radium elements would be generated. It seems almost certain that this could be achieved in the near future” “A single bomb of this type carried by boat and exploded in port might very well destroy the whole port…and some of the surrounding territory” - August 2 1939
August 2nd 1939, Albert Einstein writes a letter to President Roosevelt, explaining new scientific discoveries which could lead to atomic bombs.
Roosevelt agrees. June 1942, the U.S begins: The Manhattan Project Mid July 1945: Trinity Test – the trial run for the bomb in New Mexico. The bomb is ready!
“We waited until the blast had passed “We waited until the blast had passed. Walked out of the shelter and then it was extremely solemn. We knew the world would not be the same. A few people laughed, a few people cried. But mostly we were silent” - J R Oppenheimer (physicist)
The Manhattan Project Development of the atomic bomb Scientists from Europe, US, GB, & Canada 1941 Los Alamos, New Mexico
Little Boy Uranium type Dropped August 6, 1945 Hiroshima More destructive then Fat Man
Fat Man Plutonium type Dropped August 9th, Nagasaki More powerful then Little Boy
Damages Kills 95% of the people in a radius of 1KM 90% of the buildings are destroyed Majority of deaths are civilians
Atomic Bomb Damage of Hiroshima
Atomic Bomb Damage of Hiroshima
The effects of the bombs on humans If you are not killed instantly: - Gamma rays will destroy your cells - Burns will heal into tumors - 10-15 days after = fever, loss of hair - 23-30 days = loss of resistance to infections, blood disorder, gums bleed Natural protection starts: men become sterile, women have miscarriages, menstruation stops Die of complications
Repercussions
Decision to drop the bomb Japan refuses ultimatum Predict one more year of war Prevent a loss of 2.5- 5 million lives Japan had almost develop their own atomic bomb Put the USSR in 2nd place