Ebola Virus Disease: A Perspective for the United States

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Presentation transcript:

Ebola Virus Disease: A Perspective for the United States Miguel G. Madariaga, MD, MSc The American Journal of Medicine Volume 128, Issue 7, Pages 682-691 (July 2015) DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.01.035 Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Structure of the Ebola virus. The negative single stranded RNA of the Ebola virus is wrapped around proteins NP, VP35, VP30, and L. Additional proteins VP40 and VP24 lie between the nucleocapsid and the lipid. Glycoproteins spike from the envelope. The American Journal of Medicine 2015 128, 682-691DOI: (10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.01.035) Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 The wild cycle and amplifiers of Ebola virus disease transmission. Fruit bats are the likely reservoir of the disease. In the wild, chimpanzees, gorillas, and potentially other mammals (including so called “bush meat”) may become accidentally infected. Outbreaks in humans start by contact with an infected animal. The disease spreads in humans from direct contact. Unrestricted travel, attendance to extended funerals, and stay at hospitals with lack of infection control plans or personal protective equipment amplifies the outbreak. The American Journal of Medicine 2015 128, 682-691DOI: (10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.01.035) Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

Figure 3 Life cycle of the Ebola virus in humans. After entering the body via small lesions in the skin or mucous membranes, the virus targets monocyte/macrophages and dendritic cells. The infection then spreads via the lymphatic vessels to regional lymph nodes and from there causes secondary viremia infecting the spleen, liver, and adrenal glands. The American Journal of Medicine 2015 128, 682-691DOI: (10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.01.035) Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions